An apparatus and method for calculating a cost volume by controlling an intensity so as to receive relatively less influence from a condition of intensity when capturing a stereo image and changing a parameter for each level according to distance is provided. The apparatus includes an illuminator controller, a pixel expected ratio calculator, and a cost volume calculator, and controls intensity using the illuminator when capturing an object, and calculates a cost volume value so as to receive relatively less influence from distance and intensity when performing stereo matching by changing a parameter used for calculating the cost volume value according to distance to the object and intensity.