Provided are a photosensitive resin composition which enables production of a lithographic printing plate precursor having a non-image portion which has good solubility in an alkali aqueous solution and which enables production of a lithographic printing plate having excellent chemical resistance and excellent printing durability, a lithographic printing plate precursor obtained by using the photosensitive resin composition, a method for producing a lithographic printing plate, and a new polymer compound. The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention contains: a polymer compound which has an amine bond or a quaternary ammonium salt bond, and at least one bond selected from the group consisting of a urea bond, a urethane bond, and a carbonate bond in the main chain and has a sulfonamide group or a phenolic hydroxyl group in the main chain and/or the side chain; and an infrared absorbing material.