Technologies for stochastic associative search operations in memory (e.g., a three-dimensional cross-point memory) using error correction codes include a compute device. The compute device has a memory including a matrix that stores individually addressable bit data and is formed by rows and columns. The compute device receives a request to retrieve a subset of the bit data stored in the matrix. The compute device identifies, based on a search performed on the columns in the matrix, one or more candidate data sets. Each candidate data set corresponds to one of the rows in the matrix. The compute device performs an error correction operation on the identified one or more candidate data sets to determine whether the identified one or more candidate data sets is an exact match with the subset of the bit data.