A method of sorting cargo using an automated guided vehicle is provided. The method of sorting cargo includes: recognizing the pieces of cargo; assigning a location of a carrier pocket into which the recognized cargo is loaded among the plurality of carrier pockets in the automated guided vehicle and a location of the destination chute from which the carrier pocket discharges the cargo; loading the cargo into the location of the assigned carrier pocket; for consecutively supplied pieces of cargo thereafter, repeatedly performing identifier information recognition of the cargo, location assignment, and cargo loading sequentially; sequentially discharging the pieces of cargo to the locations of the assigned destination chutes by allowing the automated guided vehicle into which all pieces of cargo are loaded to start and move along a movement path; and returning the automated guided vehicle after the automated guided vehicle has finished discharging.