A plasma processing apparatus includes a pedestal to receive a substrate thereon; a temperature control mechanism provided in the pedestal; a heat transfer gas supply mechanism configured to supply a heat transfer gas to a back surface of the substrate; a first radio frequency power source configured to output first high frequency power having a first frequency; a second radio frequency power source configured to output second high frequency power having a second frequency that is lower than the first frequency; and a temperature measurement unit configured to control a surface temperature of the substrate to have a temperature lower than −35 degrees C. by using the temperature control mechanism provided in the pedestal and to perform feedback control of stopping the output of the second radio frequency power from the second radio frequency power source.