A system for transmitting a voice signal is disclosed, in which an input voice signal is predivided into low- and high- frequency residual signals. The low-frequency residual signal is transmitted in the form of waveform codes with higher possible fidelity and lower possible quality deterioration through utilization of the Adaptive Predicture Coding (APC) system or Multi Pulse Excited Coding (MPEC) system, while information on the short-time high-frequency spectrum is extracted from the high-frequency residual signal and is transmitted as information for use in the reproduction of the voice signal on the receiving side.