Produced is a silicon carbide-coated carbon base material in which a silicon carbide coating is densely and uniformly formed on the surface of a carbon base material, such as graphite. A production process includes the steps of: preparing a carbon base material the surface of which has basal plane sites of an SP2 carbon structure with no dangling bond and edge plane sites of an SP2 carbon structure with a dangling bond; and reacting the surface of the carbon base material with SiO gas in an atmosphere at a temperature of 1400° C. to 1600° C. and a pressure of 1 to 150 Pa to form silicon carbide, whereby the carbon base material coated with silicon carbide is produced.