Disclosed are a method of recognizing a translation situation and performing a translation function, and an electronic device implementing the same. The electronic device recognizes a situation involving translation and automatically performs a translation function, thereby improving user convenience. An electronic device includes an audio module configured to receive and output audio signal, and a processor. A language translation program is executed in response to detecting that an audio signal received through the audio module includes at least a first language and a second language, a portion of the audio signal that is in the second language is translated into the first language, and the translated portion is outputted through the audio module.