An imaging system with single-photon-avalanche-diodes (SPADs) and sensor translation for capturing a plurality of first images to enable generation of an enhanced-resolution image includes (a) an image sensor with SPAD pixels for capturing the plurality of first images at a plurality of spatially shifted positions of the image sensor, respectively, and (b) an actuator for translating the image sensor, parallel to its light receiving surface, to place the image sensor at the plurality of spatially shifted positions. A method for capturing a plurality of first images that enable composition of an enhanced-resolution image includes (a) translating an image sensor parallel to its light receiving surface to place the image sensor at a plurality of spatially shifted positions, and (b) capturing, using SPAD pixels implemented in pixel array of the image sensor, the plurality of first images at the plurality of spatially shifted positions, respectively.