A fiber link recognition method, device, and system, to recognize different fiber links where the method includes sending, by a link recognition device, a first test optical signal, receiving a second test optical signal that is returned after the first test optical signal is sent to a connection port of a first optical node, acquiring a reflection peak of the second test optical signal on a fiber link, determining a port identifier of the connection port of the first optical node according to the reflection peak of the second test optical signal on the fiber link, and recognizing, the fiber link corresponding to the second test optical signal that is returned by the connection port of the first optical node. The method embodiment is used to recognize a fiber link.