A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can efficiently discharge the gas generated to the outside of the electrode and exhibits a low decrease in battery capacity even when used for a long period of time in the case of using an aqueous binder as the binder of a negative electrode active material. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a positive electrode active material layer is formed on a surface of a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode active material layer is formed on a surface of a negative electrode current collector, and a separator, wherein the density of the negative electrode active material layer is from 1.3 to 1.6 g/cm3, the negative electrode active material layer contains an aqueous binder, and the surface center line average roughness (Ra) of a surface on a separator side of the negative electrode active material layer is from 0.5 to 1.0 μm.