摘要:
The efficiency of converting C 1 -C 3 monohydric alcohols, particularly methanol, related oxygenates and/or oxygenates produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis into light olefins, gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons and/or distillate boiling range hydrocarbons in a dense fluidized bed of ZSM-5 type zeolite catalyst is improved by including horizontally-disposed tubular baffles in the dense fluidized bed. The baffles may also serve an indirect heat exchange function.
摘要:
This invention relates to a catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas or methanol to hydrocarbons and to a process for its production. The catalyst comprises a highly porous amorphous silica having a monolayer of an amphoteric metal chemically bonded onto up to 90% of the surface area of the silica matrix. The catalyst has a maximum pore diameter of 1.5 nm and the metal is preferably aluminium. The catalyst is produced by treating the silica with a solution of a hydrolysable aluminium compound, removing the solvent and causing the silica surface to hydrolyse the compound, thus chemically bonding the aluminium onto the surface of the silica matrix. Optionally, the catalyst is mixed intimately with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst to enable the direct conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons. The catalyst will be of use in the conversion of synthesis gas or methanol to higher hydrocarbons.
摘要:
A process for converting lower alcohols and oxygenates thereof either to gasoline-grade hydrocarbons or to olefins is improved by providing a reactor vessel having substantially no freeboard or a relatively short freeboard. The elimination or substantial elimination of the freeboard in the reactor minimizes contact time of the higher alkane and alkene hydrocarbons and aromatics-containing catalyst with the feed, thereby preventing the formation of additional higher hydrocarbons and aromatics, including durene. The catalyst is separated from the gaseous reaction products in a separate stripper/separator vessel by solids-gas separation means which return the catalyst to a fluidized bed in the downstream section of the stripper/separator vessel. The paraffins, olefins, naphthenes and aromatics are stripped from the catalyst in the fluidized bed of the stripper/separator vessel.
摘要:
This invention provides a process which involves visbreaking of a heavy hydrocarbon oil in the presence of a suspension of coal particles of 20-2000 micron size. The presence of the fine coal solids permits severe visbreaking conditions which increases the yield of fuel range distillate products. Coke deposition occurs on the surfaces of the coal particles rather than on the surfaces of the heater chambers. The coal particle surfaces also serve to catalyze demetallation of the heavy oil feedstock, and to adsorb demetallation deposits.
摘要:
Improved yield in light olefins and aromatics from methanol conversion on Zn and Mn loaded pentasil zeolite and composite pentasil zeolite-asbestos catalysts, the Zn content thereof ranging from 0.1 to 1.0% wt/wt and the Mn content thereof ranging from 0.2 to 5.0% wt/wt. The light olefins/aromatics ratio in the products varies with the Mn content in the catalyst, the cumulative light olefinic and aromatic production being kept constant at a high value (higher than 80% at 450°C).
摘要:
In a process for converting methanol and/or dimethyl ether into heavy hydrocarbon products, especially distillate range hydrocarbons, the feedstock is converted in a first stage into lower olefins and byproduct aromatics are passed through an oligomerization stage with the olefins. Distillate range hydrocarbons are then recovered and hydrotreated to provide a stabilized fuel product.
摘要:
A durene-containing gasoline obtained from the catalytic conversion of methanol after removal of at least the light olefinic fraction is subjected to hydrotreating by contact with hydrogen over a hydrogenation metal on an acidic or non-acidic support.
摘要:
The catalyst life of zeolites useful in the conversion to olefins of alcohols (e.g. methanol) and/or their ether derivatives (e.g. dimethyl ether) is improved by modifying the zeolite in a 2-stage procedure by providing a controlled low amount of a coke precursor deposit on the external surface of the zeolite, and then heating this treated zeolite in an inert gas at specifically controlled temperatures for a minimum time.
摘要:
In the conversion of methanol into gasoline boiling range hydrocarbons over a ZSM-5 type catalyst, the risk of a temperature excursion in the catalyst bed by entry of undiluted methanol is diminished by causing hot recycle diluent gas to flow over liquid methanol to evaporate the methanol, and feeding the methanol vapor-recycle gas mixture to the catalyst.
摘要:
lcohols, especially methanol, are converted into light olefins rich in ethylene and C 5 + hydrocarbon products. After separation of ethylene, propylene and butenes may be converted into olefinic gasoline and olefinic distillate. The distillate product may be treated with hydrogen to produce a high quality diesel and/or jet fuel.