摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for melting steel in an electric arc furnace (EAF). A hot heal (15) is provided in the EAF. Metal scrap (16) is loaded into the EAF. The metal scrap(16)is melted in the EAF. According to the invention the mass of the hot heel (15) in relation to the mass of the metal scrap that is initially beyond the surface of the hot heel is a certain minimum. This minimum is 0,75 times the relation between the heat required to melt the metal scrap beyond the surface of the hot heel (15) and the het that can be taken from the hot heel without it being solidified when a theoretical heat balance calculation is applied as defined in a formula.
摘要:
The present discloses an active snubber circuit and a power converter comprising the active circuit. The active snubber circuit comprises a series connection of a first diode and a first inductor connected between a first interfacing point (A 1 ) and a first connection point (D), a second diode connected between a second connection point (E) and a second interfacing point (B), a series connection of a third diode and a second inductor connected between a third interfacing point (C) and the second connection point (E), a switching device connected between the first connection point (D) and the third interfacing point (C), and a first capacitor connected between the first connection point (D) and the second connection point (E). The first, the second, and the third diode are forward-biased in a first direction along a path between the first interfacing point (A 1 ) and the second interfacing point (B) and through the third interfacing point (C), and the switching device is configured to control a flow of current in the first direction.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for tuning Multivariable Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) controller in a process plant. The plant has at least one PID controller for controlling the processes of the plant. The method comprises the steps of formulating Model Predictive Control (MPC) for the process model of the plant. Obtaining optimal control solution for at least one critical region in relation to the MPC. Determining PID tuning parameters corresponding to the said optimal control solution. Tuning the PID controller with the PID tuning parameters. The present invention also provides a system for tuning Multivariable Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) controller in a process plant, in accordance with the method of the invention.
摘要:
The invention is directed to an insulator (1) for a gas insulated device. The insulator comprises an injection molded insulator disc (2) and a conductor (3). The insulator disc (2) is made by injection molding of a first material. The insulator disc (2) comprises a center opening (4) encompassed by an inner bead (5) inside which the conductor (3) is arranged. A gap (18) arranged between the inner bead (5) and the conductor (3) is at least partially filled with a second material to form a transition means (19) between the insulator disc (2) and the conductor (3).