摘要:
A process is disclosed for regenerating a catalyst (60) used in a process for synthesizing hydrocarbons (40). The synthesis process involves contacting a feed stream (10) comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst (50) in a reaction zone (30) maintained at conversion-promoting conditions effective to produce an effluent stream comprising hydrocarbons (40). The regeneration process involves contacting a deactivated Fischer-Tropsch catalyst (60) with a regeneration gas (70) under regeneration-promoting conditions that include a pressure lower than the mean Fischer-Tropsch reaction pressure, for a period of time sufficient to reactivate the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst (60).
摘要:
A process for enhancing metal catalysts for carbon monoxide hydrogenation comprising reducing the catalyst so that at least a portion is in the metallic state, impregnating under a non-oxidative atmosphere with a solution of a salt of at least one metal, optionally in combination with at least one of an ammonium salt, an alkyl ammonium salt, a weak organic acid and ammonia, oxidizing with a gaseous oxidant in the presence of the impregnating solution, and reducing to form an active catalyst. used catalysts enhanced by the process are initially treated to decrease their hydrocarbon content. The treatment may be carrier out in a single reactor, or by carrying out up to all steps after catalyst may be withdrawn from a reactor and returned to at least one reactor, both preferably during operations. Up to all steps may be effected in a subsequent reactor, or in specialized apparatus.
摘要:
Used noble metal-containing titanium zeolite catalysts, that have been employed in the liquid-phase epoxidation of olefins with hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a buffer, are regenerated by heating the used catalyst at a temperature of at least 250 °C in the presence of a oxygen-containing gas stream, followed by reduction at a temperature of at least 20 °C in the presence of a hydrogen-containing gas stream to form a reactivated catalyst.
摘要:
It is intended to provide a highly sensitive bioassay sensor system wherein nonspecific adsorption of impurities such as proteins in a biological sample is prevented. In this system, use is made in amplification of polyethylene particles having a metal and a semiconductor common to sensor materials enclosed therein.
摘要:
A hydrocarbon desulfurization system employing regenerable solid sorbent particulates in a fluidized bed desulfurization reactor (12) is disclosed. The sulfur laded sorbent particulates are continuously withdrawn from the reactor (12) and transferred to a regenerator (14) . A novel solids transport mechanism provides for the safe and effective transfer of the sulfur-loaded sorbent particulates from the high pressure hydrocarbon environment of the reactor (12) to the low pressure oxygen environment of the regenerator (14).via lockhopper (28).
摘要:
A process to regenerate metal oxide desulfurization sorbents using hydrogen gas. The sorbents may be mono- or multi-metallic in nature, and preferably comprise Ni and/or Co. If desired, secondary metals may be incorporated to increase regeneration efficiency and/or capacity. Other additives suppress hydrocarbon craking.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for providing the heat required to maintain the desired temperature for catalyst regeneration. The catalyst is heated by contacting a reactant gas mixture with the catalyst in order to initiate an exothermic reaction and, once the desired temperature is achieved, exposing the catalyst to a regenerating gas. The temperature may also be maintained by heating the reactant gas mixture prior to contacting the catalyst and/or adding a liquid, which may be heated, to the catalyst. For heating a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst for regeneration, the reactant gas preferably contains less than 12 mole percent carbon monoxide and more preferably contains between 1 and 4 mole percent carbon monoxide.
摘要:
A process to regenerate metal oxide desulfurization sorbents using an oxidizing and reducing atmosphere. The sorbents may be mono- or multi-metallic in nature, and preferably comprise Cu, Ni and/or Co. If desired, secondary metals may be incorporated to increase regeneration efficiency and/or capacity. Other additives may be used to suppress hydrocarbon cracking. A sorbent containing Zn may be combined with an Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, or W catalyst or a noble metal catalyst and combinations thereof.
摘要:
Catalyst in a slurry phase reactor is rejuvenated in said reactor using a substantially vertical draft tube fully immersed in the slurry which utilizes a rejuvenating gas injected substantially near the bottom of the substantially vertical draft tube whereby catalyst near the bottom of the slurry phase reactor is drawn up the draft tube and discharged from the top of the draft tube near the top of the slurry phase in said reactor, control over the rejuvenation temperature in the substantially vertical draft tube being achieved by means of insulating the draft tube and/or fitting the draft tube with heating or cooling means.