摘要:
Methods and catalysts are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel boiling range fractions, such as trim dewaxing, that allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. In some aspects, the methods can include use of dewaxing catalysts based on an MEL framework structure (ZSM-11) to provide improved dewaxing activity. This can provide sufficient dewaxing activity to achieve a desired level of improvement in cold flow properties at the lower hydrotreating temperatures that are generally desired near the start of operation of a hydrotreating reactor. In other aspects, the methods can include use of MEL dewaxing catalysts with reduced ratios of molecular sieve to binder so that trim dewaxing can be provided while maintaining a desirable yield under end-of-run hydrotreating conditions.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a process for reducing the amount of aromatics in a raw feed stream comprising hydrocarbons, more than 200 ppmw sulfur or 1000 ppmw sulfur as either hydrocarbon heteroatoms or as other sulfide compounds as well as at least 10% by weight di-aromatics or poly-aromatics and at least 30% by weight aromatics in total said process comprising the steps of hydrotreating said raw feed stream in the presence of hydrogen and a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment with a severity resulting in a conversion of sulfur hydro-carbon heteroatoms to hydrogen sulfide of at least 50% providing a pre-treated stream, separating said pre-treated stream at least into a second stage feed stream and a stream rich in hydrogen sulfide, directing said second stage feed stream to contact a material catalytically active in hydrocracking and ring opening, and to contact a material catalytically active in saturation of aromatics, wherein the material catalytically active in hydrocracking and ring opening is positioned upstream, downstream or mixed with said material catalytically active in saturation of aromatics, and withdrawing a dearomatized stream, wherein said the amount of aromatics of said dearomatized stream is less than 50%, 70%, 90% or 95% of the amount of aromatics in said raw feed stream, with the associated benefit of said process of providing efficient dearomatization with low yield loss.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for processing a feed derived from a biomass source that contains nitrogen in the form of fatty amides, e.g., derived from hydrothermal processing of a biomass source feed, while reducing/minimizing the amount of heteroatom removal performed during subsequent/concurrent hydroprocessing. Optionally, the feed can also contain free fatty acids. This is accomplished in part by first exposing the feed to a catalyst comprising a rare earth oxide, alkali oxide, and/or alkaline earth oxide, which can remove the nitrogen heteroatoms from the compounds within the feed or can convert the nitrogen to a form readily removed in subsequent hydroprocessing. The catalyst may also suitable for catalyzing coupling (such as condensation) or conversion reactions of amides, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid derivatives, and/or other molecules in the feed suitable for participating in the coupling reaction.
摘要:
A process for converting triacylglycerides-containing oils into crude oil precursors and/or distillate hydrocarbon fuels is disclosed. The process may include reacting a triacylglycerides-containing oil-carbon dioxide mixture at a temperature in the range from about 250° C. to about 525° C. and a pressure greater than about 75 bar to convert at least a portion of the triacylglycerides to a hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons comprising one or more of isoolefins, isoparaffins, cycloolefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics.
摘要:
A process for treating bio-oil or pyrolysis oil used to produce renewable biofuel. In a first stage, solids and/or organic reactive molecules within the feedstream are reduced without substantially deoxygenating the organic reactive molecules in the feedstream. The resulting feedstream is then introduced into a second hydrotreatment stage to produce deoxygenated bio-oil or pyrolysis oil.
摘要:
A process for converting triacylglycerides-containing oils into crude oil precursors and/or distillate hydrocarbon fuels is disclosed. The process may include reacting a triacylglycerides-containing oil-carbon dioxide mixture at a temperature in the range from about 250° C. to about 525° C. and a pressure greater than about 75 bar to convert at least a portion of the triacylglycerides to a hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons comprising one or more of isoolefins, isoparaffins, cycloolefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics.
摘要:
A process for converting triacylglycerides-containing oils into crude oil precursors and/or distillate hydrocarbon fuels is disclosed. The process may include: reacting a triacylglycerides-containing oil-water-hydrogen mixture at a temperature in the range from about 250° C. to about 525° C. and a pressure greater than about 75 bar to convert at least a portion of the triacylglycerides and recovering a reaction effluent comprising water and one or more of isoolefins, isoparaffins, cycloolefins, cycloparaffins, and aromatics; hydrotreating the reaction effluent to form a hydrotreated effluent.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for characterizing kerosene fractions in order to determine whether the fractions will satisfy a desired thermal breakpoint specification. Additionally, hydrotreating conditions can be determined that will result in a hydrotreated kerosene fraction that satisfies the desired thermal breakpoint specification. The hydrotreating conditions can be determined based on a model constructed from data corresponding to a plurality of reference samples. The model can include data for compositional groups within the reference samples. The data for compositional groups can be derived from Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry data or from another suitable characterization technique.
摘要:
The hydrorefining method of the invention is characterized by contacting, in the presence of hydrogen, a fuel stock comprising normal paraffins and oxygen-containing compounds, with a hydrorefining catalyst comprising a support containing USY zeolite and at least one solid acid selected from among silica-alumina, alumina-boria, silica-zirconia, silica-magnesia and silica-titania, and at least one metal selected from among metals of Group VIb and metals of Group VIII of the Periodic Table supported on the support.