摘要:
In order to transmit a maximal torque to the brake jaws when running down a long gradient with full braking, and in order to increase the width of application of brake elements, a composite cast union at the hub is disclosed which resists to thermal cracks and stresses and has a light weight. A brake element reliable in operation, very resistant to thermal stresses and mechanically stable has a brake ring (1) or brake drum body in interaction with brake jaws made of a cast iron material with a high resistance to thermal shocks and a hub (2) and flange made of a cast iron with a higher grade tensile strength. The hub (2) is united to the brake ring (1) or brake drum by composite casting, forming a material union (5). The invention concerns in particular brake drums, brake disks or the like for vehicles.
摘要:
A rustproof austenitic cast steel having tensile strength greater than 550 MPA and elongation at break over 30%, characterized in that the cast steel having an aluminum content of 0 to 4% and a silicon content of 1 to 4% is within an alloy range that is determined by the coordinates of four points (Cräqu=14; Niäqu=8), (Cräqu=14; Niäqu=14), (Cräqu=22; Niäqu=8) and (Cräqu=22 Niäqu= 16), wherein the chromium and nickel equivalents are calculated from the chemical composition of the cast steel using the relations (1) and (2): Cräqu = %Cr+ %Mo + 1.5%Si + 0.5 %W + 0.9%Nb + 4%A1 +4%Ti + 1.5%V + 0.9%Ta ( 1 ) Niäqu = %Ni + 30%C + 18%N + 0.5%Mn + 0.3%Co + 0.2%Cu - 0.2%Al (2), wherein the information used is in percent mass and the remainder substantially comprises iron and other elements usually present in cast steel (O, P, S). Said cast steel exhibits a TRIP effect and serves as a material for plant and refrigeration engineering, particularly for facilities and components for obtaining gases and for liquefying and fractioning of gases and as a material in the construction of special vehicles and airplanes for the transport of liquid gases and for components exposed to low temperatures, in addition to crash relevant castings.
摘要:
In order to transmit a maximal torque to the brake jaws when running down a long gradient with full braking, and in order to increase the width of application of brake elements, a composite cast union at the hub is disclosed which resists to thermal cracks and stresses and has a light weight. A brake element reliable in operation, very resistant to thermal stresses and mechanically stable has a brake ring (1) or brake drum body in interaction with brake jaws made of a cast iron material with a high resistance to thermal shocks and a hub (2) and flange made of a cast iron with a higher grade tensile strength. The hub (2) is united to the brake ring (1) or brake drum by composite casting, forming a material union (5). The invention concerns in particular brake drums, brake disks or the like for vehicles.
摘要:
The invention relates to a surface-area gantry system for machining, assembly and handling tasks, with three axes of motion in the directions X, Y and Z, where the Z axis is provided with machining or grasping mechanisms, notably for the high-speed machining of non-metallic materials. The aim of the invention is to create an especially light and stiff surface-area gantry system suitable for large machining areas and universal applications which consists of simple components and linear modules which are economical to produce even in small numbers and permits relatively high feed rates and accelerations. According to the invention the X, Y and Z axes have linear modules (2) which are driven by synchronous linear motors and consist of a hot-rolled shaped support section (12) having a rectangular or square cross-section and fitted with pair-wise, opposite secondary elements (10). The slides (3) or working slides (1) are made of cast metal in the form of integral components -hich are provided with a wrap-around element (4) for the X, Y and Z axis and contain the primary elements (5).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for directly producing an investment casting mold by machining a sand mold produced using hardenable bonding agents. In particular, the wear of the tools should be reduced and the dimensional accuracy and precision should be increased during the reproduction of the mold. To this end, a blank mold (1) to be machined is produced while using a variable or fixed casting box (2) having a model assembly (4). Said blank mold comprises specified contours, with regard to volume, of the casting mold and a machining allowance for the milling of the molding material. After filling the casting box (2) with hardenable foundry molding materials, after hardening and after removal from the mold, the blank mold (1) is converted into the casting mold by removing material according to the machining allowance by means of high-speed machining, milling or three-dimensional machining of free-formed planes. The invention relates to investment casting molds for castings made of metal, and to the production of cast part prototypes and individual pieces having small and medium dimensions and masses.
摘要:
The invention relates to a bainitically hardened brake disk comprising at least one ring-shaped cast disk (1) body with radially extending ring sections in contact with brake shoes (2). Said brake disk is mounted on the hub of a bicycle wheel (5) for braking purposes. In order to avoid noise emissions and vibrations, the inventive disk is made of cast iron, is highly tough and has a low weight. The aim is to avoid the disadvantages of combining disk brakes with an aluminium wheel hub. The inventive disk is characterised in that it has a thoroughly bainitically hardened body (1) made of cast iron with lamellar graphite (AGI), the brake disk is designed as a single piece and is linked to the wheel hub (5) through composite casting by forming a positive material fitting joint (15) in the area where the hub (5) is connected to the base (3) of the disk.
摘要:
The invention relates to a technical solution for the composite casting of inserts into a main body made of casting material. The aim of the invention is to provide a solution by means of which an optimised cooling between an insert and a main body made of casting material is achieved in the manufacturing process and a permanently good bond between insert and a main body is ensured. This aim is achieved by a method with which, in a preferred application, a cylinder crankcase and cylinder heads for internal combustion engines can be produced.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing heat-resistant casting moulds from mould materials, especially from moulding sand containing a binding agent, or for producing an inner contour of models or prototypes consisting of plastic, graphite, derived timber products or other millable materials. Large volumes and deep gravures are often obtained, especially during the machining of moulds for the rapid production of prototypes of cast materials. In order to increase the efficiency of the inventive method, in a first step, blocks of mould material are produced in such a way that a dimension thereof corresponds to a mould cavity depth which typically measures up to between 300 and 400 mm. The inner contour of the mould is then produced in such a way that it has an oversize having a contour which is close to the contour of the inner wall of the mould cavity, using a roughing tool (4) having an effective cutting diameter of between 12 and 35 mm. The mould cavity is then machined by milling the oversize material, following the contour, using a finishing cutter (3) having a diameter-length ratio of between 1:10 and 1:30.