公开(公告)号：EP1236061A2

公开(公告)日：2002-09-04

申请号：EP00991692.5

申请日：2000-12-05

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  BRUCATO, Robert, N. ,  SANDERS, Paul, E. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  KERSEY, Alan, D.

IPC分类号： G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/16 ,  H01S3/067

CPC分类号： G02B6/022 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/02042 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/06754

摘要： A large diameter optical waveguide, grating, and laser includes a waveguide (10) having at least one core surrounded by a cladding, the core propagating light in substantially a few transverse spatial modes; and having an outer waveguide dimension of said waveguide being greater than about 0.3mm. The waveguide may be axially compressed which causes the length of the waveguide to decrease without buckling. The waveguide may be used for any application where a waveguide needs to be compression tuned, e.g., compression-tuned fiber Bragg gratings and lasers or other applications. Also, the waveguide exhibits lower mode coupling from the core to the cladding and allows for higher optical power to be used when writing gratings without damaging the waveguide. The shape of the waveguide may have other geometries (e.g., a 'dogbone' shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one core may be used. The core and/or cladding may be doped with a rare-earth dopant and/or may be photosensitive. At least a portion of the core may be doped between a pair of gratings to form a fiber laser. Also a tunable DFB fiber laser or an interactive fiber laser can be constructed within the waveguide. The waveguide may resemble a short 'block' or a longer 'cane' type, depending on the application and dimensions used.

公开(公告)号：EP1181594A2

公开(公告)日：2002-02-27

申请号：EP99972018.8

申请日：1999-12-04

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  MILLER, Matthew, B. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  DAVIS, Michael, A. ,  FERNALD, Mark, R. ,  WRIGHT, Christopher, J.

IPC分类号： G02B6/16

CPC分类号： G02B6/02133 ,  G02B2006/02161

摘要： A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (28) which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (120) and a substantially transparent index-matching medium (122), such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface (126) adjacent to the tube (120). A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) (124) is used between the window (22) and the tube (120) to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube (120) and the medium (122). A pair of writing beams (26, 34) are incident on and pass through the medium (122), the tube (120) and intersect and interfere in a region (30) on the fiber (28). Also, the width (Wb) of the writing beams (26,34) may be set to be less than the width (Woil) of the intermediate material (124) to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube (120). Alternatively, the medium (122) may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube (120). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers (28, 250) encased in the tube (120). Further, high intensity writing beams (26, 34) on the fiber (28) may be achieved by having the medium (122) have a predetermined thickness (T).

公开(公告)号：EP1144969A2

公开(公告)日：2001-10-17

申请号：EP99972434.7

申请日：1999-12-06

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： WRIGHT, Christopher, J. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  FERNALD, Mark, R. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  DAVIS, Michael, A. ,  DUNPHY, James, R. ,  KERSEY, Alan, D. ,  PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  BRUCATO, Robert, N. ,  SANDERS, Paul, E.

IPC分类号： G01K11/32

CPC分类号： G01K11/32

摘要： A strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element (20, 600) which includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) and/or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating (12) disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength μ1. The shape of the sensing element (20, 600) may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element (20, 600) may be doped between a pair of gratings (150, 152), disposed therein to form a temperature tuneable laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a temperature tuneable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions (22, 27), respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber (10). Further, the fiber (10) and the tube (20) may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.

公开(公告)号：EP1137920A2

公开(公告)日：2001-10-04

申请号：EP99972019.6

申请日：1999-12-06

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： FERNALD, Mark, R. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  MILLER, Matthew, B. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  DUNPHY, James, R. ,  DAVIS, Michael, A. ,  KERSEY, Alan, D. ,  WRIGHT, Christopher, J. ,  PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  BRUCATO, Robert, N. ,  SANDERS, Paul, E.

IPC分类号： G01L11/02 ,  G01L1/24

CPC分类号： G01L11/025

摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element (20, 600) which includes an optical fiber (10) having a Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) and/or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected from the grating (12) at a reflection wavelength μ1. The sensing element (20, 600) may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing (48, 60, 90, 270, 300). When external pressure P increases, the grating (12) is compressed and the reflection wavelength μ1 changes.

公开(公告)号：EP1137919A1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-04

申请号：EP99961938.0

申请日：1999-12-04

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： FERNALD, Mark, R. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  MILLER, Matthew, B. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  DUNPHY, James, R. ,  WRIGHT, Christopher, J. ,  KERSEY, Alan, D. ,  PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  JONES, Richard, T. ,  MARON, Robert, J. ,  DAIGLE, Guy, A. ,  GRUNBECK, John, J.

IPC分类号： G01L9/00 ,  G01L11/02 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L19/04

CPC分类号： G01L1/242 ,  G01L11/025

摘要： A fused tension-based fiber grating pressure sensor (8) includes an optical fiber (10) having a Bragg grating (12) impressed therein. The fiber (10) is fused to tubes (20) on opposite sides of the grating (12) and an outer tube (30) is fused to the tubes (20) to form a chamber (34). The tubes (20, 30) and fiber (10) may be made of glass. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected from the grating (12) at a reflection wavelength (μ1). The grating (12) is placed in tension pre-strain and as the pressure (P) increases, the tension on the grating (12) is reduced and the reflection wavelength shifts accordingly. A temperature grating (50) may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The shape of the outer tube (20) may have geometries other than a straight cylinder. Also, the axial ends of tubes (20) where the fiber (10) exits the tubes (20) may have an inner region (22) and/or a protruding tapered (or fluted) axial section (27), to provide strain relief or improved pull strength of the fiber (10). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber (10) may be used. The fiber (10) may be doped at least between a pair of gratings (150, 152) to form a tunable fiber laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser.

公开(公告)号：EP1135701A2

公开(公告)日：2001-09-26

申请号：EP99972020.4

申请日：1999-12-06

申请人： CiDra Corporation

发明人： FERNALD, Mark, R. ,  BAILEY, Timothy, J. ,  MILLER, Matthew, B. ,  SULLIVAN, James, M. ,  DAVIS, Michael, A. ,  BRUCATO, Robert, N. ,  KERSEY, Alan, D. ,  PUTNAM, Martin, A. ,  SANDERS, Paul, E.

IPC分类号： G02B1/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/0115 ,  G02B6/0218 ,  G02B6/022 ,  G02F1/0128 ,  G02F2201/307

摘要： A compression-tuned Bragg grating includes a tunable optical element 20, 600 which includes either an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength μ1. The tunable element 20, 600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating (12) without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a 'dogbone' shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber (10) or core (612) may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings (150, 152), to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element (20) may have an inner tapered region (22) or tapered (or fluted) sections (27). The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor or other actuator or fluid pressure.

摘要翻译： 压缩调谐布拉格光栅包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20或大直径波导光栅600的至少一部分中 具有核心和广泛的包层。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1反射。 可调元件20,600被轴向压缩，这导致光栅12的反射波长的偏移而不使元件屈曲。 元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤10或核612。 元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间，以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或格栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，元件20可以具有内锥形区域22或锥形（或凹槽）段27.压缩可以由PZT，步进电机或其它致动器或流体压力来实现。