摘要:
A method and apparatus to monitor the enantiomeric excess of chiral molecules participating in a chemical reaction. The method includes real time monitoring of the chemical reaction by obtaining a VCD spectra and an IR spectra of the chemical compounds in the reaction, and manipulating the spectra to obtain a % EE value. Using such real time information, the reaction parameters can be changed to shift the reaction to produce more of one chiral molecule than another.
摘要:
The present invention allows quickly, simply, precisely and with high sensitivity to determine the presence and concentration of any biologically active substances capable to interact with linear double-stranded DNA molecules in any liquids including biological liquids. The essence of the offered method consists that the lyotropic liquid-crystalline cholesteric DNA dispersion is formed in an aqueous-salted solution of a polymer, neutral in respect to DNA, of the linear double-stranded DNA molecules of a low molecular mass immediately before mixing with an analyzed liquid containing the determined substance, thereat the liquid for the analysis is prepared by mixing with the specified polymer under conditions, when the optical properties of the lyotropic liquid-crystalline DNA dispersion are not broken, then through the sample obtained as a result of mixing of the prepared analysed liquid with the liquid-crystalline DNA dispersion the circular-polarized light is passed, and the optical signal is registered at two wavelengths, one of them is in the region of the DNA absorption, and another one is in the region of absorption of the biologically active substance, then the ratio between these two signals is calculated, and concentration of the biologically active substance is determined on this ratio using the calibration curve. The offered device contains a wavelength selector (2) having an electrodynamic driver (22) of a positional type and at least one optical element (26, 27, 28) fixed on a motor (33) shaft (35) of the specified driver (22).
摘要:
The dichrograph and accompanying method are usable for parallel measurement of circular dichroism according to the first harmonic of photoelectric current of the detector, optical rotation acccording to the second harmonic and transparency according to the null harmonic. It contains the switch (3) of ray, from which alternatively exit two parallel rays - measurement ray (4) and reference ray (5), going through one mutual modulator of elipticity (6), achromatic phase element (9) which is during calibration of circular unit situated in the reference ray (5). Moreover it contains two analyzers - the measurement analyzer (8) in the measurement ray (4) behind the couvette (7) and the reference analyzer (10) in the reference ray (5). The measurement analyzer (8) has the optical axis turned for 45 DEG same as the modulator (6). The reference analyzer (10) is during measurement turned for unit angle, e.g. for 1 DEG , to the measurement analyzer (8).
摘要:
A spectroscopy device comprises a laser diode driven by a periodic stepped laser diode driver current. Gas concentration is achieved by using the absorption curve (40) and multiplying the peak value at (Wp) and line width values (WI) to obtain substantially values independent of foreign gas line-broadening effects.
摘要:
Provided is a light modulation element including a first contact layer, a second contact layer, an active layer provided between the first contact layer and the second contact layer, a first contact plug provided between the first contact layer and the active layer, and a second contact plug provided between the second contact layer and the active layer, wherein a width of at least one of the first contact plug and the second contact plug is less than a width of the active layer.