摘要:
The present invention relates to liquid detergent compositions comprising one or more block polymeric suds volume and suds duration enhancers. The block polymeric suds enhancers (suds boosters) suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention comprise one or more cationic block units and optionally one or more additional building blocks such as hydroxyl-containing units, hydrophobic group-containing units, hydrophilic group-containing units, anionic units, other cationic units, hydrogen-bonding units and zwitterionic units. The present invention further relates to methods for providing enhanced suds volume and suds duration during hand washing.
摘要:
A method for hydrophilizing a hydrophobic surface of a substrate includes the steps of (a)defining a temperature range of: (i) greater than or equal to an anticipated lower use temperature (LUT), or (ii) less than or equal to an anticipated upper use temperature (UUT), or (iii) from a LUT to an UUT, wherein LUT ≤ UUT, within which the substrate is intended to be used in the presence of water, and (b) depositing at least one polymer on at least a portion of the surface, said polymer being soluble in water to the extent that an aqueous solution of such polymer exhibits: (i) a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), wherein LCST
摘要:
In a process for the production of dialkylphosphinic acids, especially branched, dialkylphosphinic acids in high purity via the reaction of an alpha olefin with a hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, the improvement comprising conducting the reaction in the presence of a stoichiometric excess of the olefin and isolating and purifying the desired dialkylphosphinic acid product by neutralizing the monoalkylphosphinic acid by-product with an aqueous base; removing the aqueous phase in which the neutralized monoalkylphosphinic acid is preferentially solubilized; acidifying the dialkyl product in the organic phase; and isolating the purified product.
摘要:
There is a viscoelastic fluid. The fluid has one or more cationic surfactants selected from the group consisting of certain quaternary salts, certain amines, and combinations thereof; one or more anionic polymers/anionic surfactants; one or more of certain zwitterionic/amphoteric surfactants; and water. There is also a method of fracturing a subterranean formation. The viscoelastic fluid is pumped through a wellbore and into a subterranean formation at a pressure sufficient to fracture the formation.
摘要:
A process of manufacturing a poly(dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylate) comprising polymerizing dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylate in water and in the presence of sufficient acid to form a solution having a pH of less than 6. The polymer is made in an aqueous medium and with a free radical initiator. The polymer is useful as a foam booster in a variety of formulations and applications.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a photoinitiator composition that can be used to initiate polymerization upon exposure to radiation. The said composition includes both a composition which yields cations upon exposure to actinic radiation, such as an iodonium borate initiator and a stabilizing amino agent. The amino agent is a secondary or tertiary amine having general formula (VIII), a sterically arranged cyclic amine having general formula (IX), or an amine consisting of groups that have general formulas (VIII) and (IX) and that are interconnected. The compositions are particularly useful when used in conjunction with polyorganosiloxane monomers and when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
摘要:
The invention relates to the preparation of hydrophobic modified diquaternary cationic monomers and their copolymer as well as the use such monomers and copolymers as thickening agents/rheology modifiers for acidic compositions. The hydrophobic modified diquaternary cationic monomer having the general formula (I): wherein X is selected from O, NH , or NR; Y is any alkyl, alkylene with or without heteroatoms, and R0, R1, R2 R3, R4, which are identical or different, are selected from C1-C4 alkyl groups, R is selected from any alkyl group with or without heteroatoms, and R5 is a hydrphobe having an alkyl chain of more than 4 atoms.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for making alkoxylates of organic compounds. The process requires a) providing an active hydrogen organic compound having 1 to 22 carbon atoms and b) alkoxylating the organic compound with an alkylene oxide in the presence of o catalytically effective amount of a catalyst compound corresponding to either formula (I) or formula (II): B(o)3 (I) H B(o)4 (II) wherein B is a boron atom and H is a hydrogen atom; o is a phenyl moiety having substituents selected from the group consisting of 1 to 5 fluorine atoms, 1 to 5 CF3 moieties, 1 to 5 OCF3 OR SCF3 moieties or OR; wherein C is a carbon atom, O is an oxygen atom, S is a sulfur atom and F is a fluorine atom; wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or aryl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms. The process affords a product of very narrow molecular weight distribution with a low degree of both residual active hydrogen organic starting material and undesirable by-products.
摘要:
The invention relates to a copolymer having a controlled structure, comprising at least two parts, part A and part B, said parts having different compositions, wherein part A is a hydrophilic or hydrophobic part, and part B is a part comprising units deriving from a monomer B having formula: CH2=CR1CO-[O-(CH2)p-]nOR2 or CH2=CR1CO-[O-CH2-a(CH3)a- CH2-b(CH3)b-]nOR2, wherein R1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, p, which is identical or different, is 2 or 3, a, which is identical or different, is 0 or 1, b, which is identical or different, is 0 or 1, a+b=0 or 1, p=2+a+b, n is an average number being greater than or equal to 1, and R2 is an alkyl group. The inventions also relates to the use of the copolymer or to compositions or formulations comprising the copolymer.
摘要:
A method for purifying a spent acid catalyst from an acid catalyzed chemical reaction that generates a mixture of a product, spent acid and tar, includes the steps of separating the mixture of product, spent acid, and tar into a product fraction and a spent acid fraction, said spent acid fraction comprising a mixture of spent acid and tas, and separating the spent acid fraction, by flotation separation, centrifugation, or Iiquid-Iiquid coalescence, into a tar fraction and a de tarred spent acid fraction. The fluidized tar and the de tarred spent acid can each be further processed to produce concentrated acid.