Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of polyisocyanates by reaction of organic amines with phosgene, characterised in that the reaction occurs in at least three stages, whereby the first stage is in a mixing unit, the second stage in at least one residence time unit and the third stage in at least one material separating apparatus and the pressure in each subsequent stage is lower than in the previous stage.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing aromatic amines by the catalytic hydration of the corresponding nitro compounds, particularly for producing toluylenediamine by the hydration of dinitrotoluene, characterized in that hydration catalysts are employed, in which a mixture of nickel, palladium and an addition element, selected from the group containing cobalt, iron, vanadium, manganese, chromium, platinum, iridium, gold, bismuth, molybdenum, selenium, tellurium, stannous, and antimony, is present as the active component on a carrier.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates by reacting amines with phosgene in the presence of inert organic solvents inside a reactor and by subsequently processing the reaction mixture exiting the reactor. The invention is characterized in that the separating out of the solvent ensues in a two-step or multi-step, preferably two-step distillation process, and the solvent is separated out in a first apparatus under a pressure of 0.1 to 15 bar and in a second or other apparatuses under a pressure of 1 to 900 mbar. The condensation heat of the solvent vapor from the first apparatus is used for partially or completely vaporizing solvent in the second apparatus.