摘要:
The present invention concerns a controller apparatus with MPPT tracking for controlling an electric power generation system, the system comprising two identical sub-sections (1, 2) of a photovoltaic field, connected to two respective identical switching power converters (3, 4), the two converters (3, 4) being controlled by two respective periodic controlling signals, the outputs of the two converters (3, 4) being connected in parallel, the controller apparatus comprising: - a first and a second current sensors (5, 6) for detecting the output currents (iA2, iB2) of the two converters (3), - subtractor means (7) capable to receive the two current detection signals and to generate a difference signal (iA2- iB2), - amplifier means (8) capable to amplify said difference signal (iA2- iB2) by a constant gain k, - low-pass filter means (9) capable to filter said amplified difference signal, - proportional-integral (or proportional-integral-derivative) controller means (10) for controlling said filtered amplified difference signal, outputting a processed signal, - first generator means (11, 12) capable to generate a first controlling periodic signal on the basis of said processed signal for controlling the second converter (4), - second generator means (13, 14) capable to generate a second controlling periodic signal on the basis of said processed signal displaced by a constant displacement having modulus 0 Δd (Displacement) having the same sign. The present invention concerns the controlling method and the related electric power generation system.
摘要:
This invention presents the set-up of a heterogeneous photo-Fenton system for the abatement of organic pollutants in liquid wastewater by means of heterogeneous perovskite-based catalysts, both in powder and in structured form. The proposed method employs, preferably, structured honeycomb monoliths consisting of a perovskite-based material (unsupported catalyst), or structured honeycomb monoliths made of a refractory carrier or a foam im pregnated with a solution of salts corresponding to the desired perovskite (supported catalyst). The removal of organic substances is carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, through an oxidation to gaseous CO2. The perovskite-based catalyst, in structured form, is more efficient in the degradation of organic pollutants than a homogeneous photo-Fenton cata lyst. It allows to enlarge the operative range of pH in comparison to the limited operative range of pH of the homogeneous system, without the formation of sludge. The effect of the concentration and dosage of H2O2 in the proposed method has been evaluated, thereby showing that a further increase of the removal is obtained by proper dosage of H2O2.
摘要:
The present invention introduces a small-size temperature sensor, which exploits a random or oriented network of un-functionalized, single or multi-walled, carbon nanotubes to monitor a wide range of temperatures. Such network is manufactured in the form of freestanding thin film with an electric conductance proven to be a monotonic function of the temperature, above 4.2 K. Said carbon nanotube film is wire-connected to a high precision source-measurement unit, which measures its electric conductance by a standard two or four-probe technique. Said temperature sensor has a low power consumption, an excellent stability and durability, a high sensitivity and a fast response; its manufacturing method is simple and robust and yields low-cost devices. Said temperature sensor, freely scalable in dimension, is suitable for local accurate measurements of rapidly and widely changing temperatures, while introducing a negligible disturb to the measurement environment.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a new nanoporous crystalline form of syndiotactic polystyrene, to the thus obtained crystalline form, to molecular-complex crystalline phases obtained by exposition of such crystalline form to low- molecular-mass molecules, and to the related processes for their preparation.
摘要:
The invention concerns an actuator with bending-vibrating foils, comprising: a transducer (20) of the 'Langevin' type, connected to a foil (1) with a longitudinal principal extension direction, characterised in that: the transducer (20) is such to excite longitudinal modes, i.e. modes in which the direction of the produced motion is equal to that of the applied electrical field; foil (1) is placed in such a way that its longitudinal principal extension direction is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the motion produced by said transducer (20).
摘要:
It is disclosed a method for reducing the viscous friction due to the relative movement of a fluid and an object, wherein the object has an external surface in contact with a layer of the fluid and wherein the external surface has a base plane. The method comprises the following steps: forming on the external surface a plurality of projections projecting from the base plane; and imparting to the layer of fluid, by means of the plurality of projections, a profile with a periodic trajectory parallel to the base plane.
摘要:
Solid polymeric materials for detection, transfer, amplification and memory of chirality of optically active compounds are described. These materials not only are able to absorb also traces of volatile organic compounds (both chiral and achiral) prevailingly as guest of a nanoporous crystalline phase, but for the case of chiral guests are also able to transfer and amplify their chirality, producing intense phenomena of induced circular dichroism (ICD). This induced dichroism remains stable also after chiral guest removal, as well as after temperature increases at least up to 250° C. The solid polymeric materials of the present invention can find applications in sensorics of optically active molecules as well as in systems for storage of data.
摘要:
The present invention relates to gastroresistant and enterosoluble microparticulate systems for the encapsulation of biologically active substances selected from: flavonoids, vitamins, antioxidants, immunostimulants, starchy and non-starchy polysaccharides, probiotics, prebiotics, intestinal trophism regulators, oligoelements, enzymes and bioactive peptides. Such microparticulate systems allow the administration of the aforementioned nutraceutic substances to animals such as porcines, bovines, caprines, ovines, equids, canids, felines, camelids, lagomorphs, rodents, fowl, and other mammals, including humans, fish and crustaceans, increasing the bioavailability.
摘要:
A process for the removal of dry adhesives and/or inks from the surface and from the interior of the cells of the engraved cylinders used in printing and coupling processes, using a supercritical mixture formed by one or more organic solvents and a supercritical fluid, preferably consisting of supercritical carbon dioxide. The microscopic cells of the engraved cylinders used in printing industry or of the cylinders used for film coupling in packaging industry are thoroughly and easily cleaned by a process comprising the steps of forming the said supercritical mixture, delivering it in a high pressure autoclave previously filled with the engraved cylinders to be cleaned, cleaning for a given residence time, eliminating the organic solvent residue in the autoclave by washing it with supercritical fluid and precipitating the extracted inks and/or adhesives in one or more separators located downstream the autoclave.
摘要:
The invention relates to copolymers of alkenes and conjugated dienes containing cyclopropane and cyclopentane rings in the main chain. These copolymers are characterised in that the amount of cyclopropane units is between 0.1 % and 50 % by weight and that the molar percent of the cyclopropane units is higher than the molar percent of the unsubstituted cyclopentane units.