摘要:
A system (10), controller (20), and method (400) for detecting moisture on a windshield (12) that uses an isolated electrode (16) coupled to a windshield (12). The isolated electrode (16) is configured to exhibit an electrical impedance indicative of moisture present on a surface of the windshield (12). The controller (20) is configured to determine an electrode impedance value corresponding to the electrical impedance exhibited by the isolated electrode (16) for detecting moisture on the windshield (12). By using an isolated electrode (16), the system (10) is simpler and less expensive than other systems that have at least one electrode providing a return path for another electrode. Also, a way to use the isolated electrode (16) for both detecting moisture on the windshield (12), and heating the windshield (12) is described.
摘要:
A relative humidity (Φ) of the environment of a humidity sensor (1) is measured by the humidity sensor (1) twice at different temperatures (T). For both measurements, a corresponding value (V) based on a saturated vapour pressure at the subject temperature (T) is calculated. The two calculated values (V1, V2) derived are then evaluated. The evaluation result allows for a conclusion if the humidity sensor (1) may be impaired in its capabilities of measuring humidity.
摘要:
A sensor for determining the humidity of materials, especially of gases, preferably of air humidity, comprises a support body (2) which is impinged upon by a substance (3) that reversibly absorbs humidity from the surroundings and/or gives it off to the surroundings, and at least two interspaced electrodes (4). According to the invention, the support body (2) is produced of or comprises an open-pored porous, air-humidity invariant, non-hygroscopic support material which has a high inner rigidity. At least the pores (21) of the support material comprising the substance (3) which reversibly or reproducibly absorbs and/or gives off humidity water from the material or the gas or air space that is brought in contact or that is in contact with the support material of the support body (2), are filled with or at least their surfaces or walls (22) are coated with preferably such an inorganic salt (3') in a dissolved, liquid, solid or crystalline form. The conductance and/or electrical permittivity of the said substance (3), especially of the salt (3'), functionally depends in a reproducible manner on the humidity of the material that is brought in contact or that is in contact with the support material of the support body (2) impinged with the humidity, especially the humidity of the surrounding air.
摘要:
A printing press system (20) with water content sensing capability is disclosed. Many printing operations, including keyless or lithographic printing presses, use an emulsion (24) of ink and water to perform the printing operation. It is important that the emulsion (24) maintain a proper balance between the ink and water. The disclosed system employs a sensor (30) which may be placed in the ink train (28) of the printing press (22) to constantly monitor the level of water within the emulsion (24). The sensor (30) may be a capacitive type sensor which detects changes in the dielectric constant of the emulsion (24), and based on a comparison of the measured value and a predetermined desired value, prompts the press operator regarding the imbalance to enable corrective action to the taken.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Sensor zur Erkennung von Flüssigkeiten In Vorrichtungen zum Speichern von Energie, eine Vorrichtung zum Speichern von Energie, ein Überwachungssystem zur Überwachung von Vorrichtungen zum Speichern von Energie sowie ein Verfahren zur Überwachung von Vorrichtungen zum Speichern von Energie.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an apparatus and process for measuring a property of a material such as the moisture content of cotton fibre. An embodiment is specifically adapted for determining an absolute value of the moisture content of the cotton fibre while being conveyed through ducts such as the ducts of the ginning machine. The embodiment combines large area capacitor plates with light detectors.
摘要:
A capacitive sensor for detecting the presence of a substance includes a plurality of upstanding conductive pillars arranged within a first layer of the sensor, a first electrode connected to a first group of the pillars, a second electrode connected to a second, different group of the pillars, and a dielectric material arranged adjacent the pillars, for altering the capacitance of the sensor in response to the presence of said substance.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for monitoring at least one of steam purity and steam quality for steam used in a decontamination process. A capacitor is exposed to the steam, wherein the steam acts as a dielectric between the plates of the capacitor. Permittivity of the dielectric is affected by the purity and/or quality of the steam, and thus a measurement of electrical properties of the capacitor is used to monitor steam purity and/or quality.
摘要:
A sensor senses a magnitude of a physical parameter of the sensor's environment. The sensor has first and second electrodes, and a material layer between them. The material has an electrical property, e.g., capacitance or resistance, whose value depends on the magnitude of the physical parameter. The first electrode is formed in a first layer, and the second electrode is formed in a second layer, different from the first layer. The first layer has a trench and an elevation next to the trench. The trench has a bottom wall and a side wall. The material is positioned on the bottom wall and on the side wall and on top of the elevation. The trench accommodates at least a part of the second electrode. The second electrode leaves exposed the material formed on top of the elevation.