Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of an organic semi-conducting compound for detecting NO, as well as a sensor ( 18 ) and device ( 9 ) wherein such a compound is used for the detection of NO. The device ( 9 ) allows the respiratory gas analysis in a simple, non-invasive way, which can be used to predict the condition and/or function of the lungs and respiratory ducts. The sensor ( 18 ) is more specifically from the nanoscale FET type structure.
Abstract:
A remote emissions sensing system is provided with NO x detection capability. First, a reading of the ambient NO x concentration is taken just prior to each vehicle passing through the system. This measurement accounts for any ambient NO x concentration that may be lingering from the exhaust of a previous vehicle. Next, the system takes a blocked reading when the vehicle is located in the path of the beam. This reading accounts for any ambient or system noise that may exist. Finally, the system takes a reading of the exhaust plume as the beam passes through the plume. A processor determines the portion of the reading due to the exhaust plume by subtracting the ambient and blocked readings from the exhaust plume reading. As a result, a more accurate exhaust concentration reading is provided. Additionally, the system may process exhaust plume readings only in a predetermined wavelength band associated with the known absorption spectrum of NO x so that data points for which there is no significant absorption of NO x may be eliminated. Thus, any noise or other interference in the non-absorptive wavelengths are minimized. Also, changes in the intensity of the radiation are compensated by subtracting a baseline intensity from each signal.
Abstract:
A handheld, small but accurate and reliable device for diagnostic NO measurements using a NO sensor, where the parameters governing the taking of the sample are different from the parameters optimal for the accuracy of said NO sensor is described. By temporarily storing a portion of the exhaled air, and feeding this to the sensor at a flow rate adapted to the NO sensor, the accuracy and sensitivity of a system and/or a method involving NO sensors, can be increased.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for measuring nitric oxide production and oxygen consumption in cultures of adherent cells continuously and without destroying the cells. The method involves flowing growth media through a tube having adherent cells are adhered to the inner surface thereof and then contacting the growth media with an NO or O 2 sensor to detect the concentration of NO or O 2 in the growth media.
Abstract:
The present invention uses a sensor electrode (3) in a nitrogen oxide sensor (10) which includes a nitrate or nitrite of an alkali metal and an oxide of a rare-earth element. The nitrate/nitrite of the alkali metal replaces part of the lattice of the oxide of the rare-earth element, forming a solid solution. The sensor electrode (3) therefore exhibits highly practical features, especially high water-insolubility and capability of nitrogen oxide measurement in a hot and humid atmosphere containing water vapor. Thus, a highly practical nitrogen oxide sensor electrode and nitrogen oxide sensor are provided which are usable in measurement in a hot and humid atmosphere containing water vapor.
Abstract:
A sensing device for measuring a concentration of NO x as a gas component of a measurement gas, a first internal space (6) and a first diffusion resistance (12) for introducing the measurement gas from an external space into said first internal space; first oxygen pumping means (4a,16,18;56) for controlling an amount of oxygen in the measurement gas within the first internal space; a second diffusion resistance (14,44) for introducing the measurement gas from the first internal space into a second internal space (8); second oxygen pumping means (4c,24,28,58) for pumping out oxygen from said second internal space so that NO x is reduced or decomposed, and means (32) for measuring the concentration of the NO x gas component present in the atmosphere in the second internal space by detecting the pumping current flowing through the second oxygen pumping means, wherein the internal electrode (28) is a Pt electrode.
Abstract:
A method and a sensing device of measuring a concentration of a gas component of a measurement gas, which method includes the steps of: introducing the measurement gas containing the gas component, from an external measurement-gas space into a first internal space (6), under a diffusion resistance; controlling an amount of oxygen in the measurement gas within the first internal space, so as to produce an atmosphere which does not substantially affect measurement of the gas component and which does not convert the gas component; introducing the atmosphere from the first internal space into a second internal space (8), under a diffusion resistance; and measuring the concentration of the gas component present in the atmosphere in the second internal space.
Abstract:
A process for providing a real-time estimation of in-cylinder NOx production rates during a combustion process in an internal combustion engine. The process employs a model that takes into account fundamental in-cylinder variables such as temperature, pressure and oxygen content. The process can be used with calibrated or uncalibrated internal combustion engines and can be used to capture the effects in variations of engine speed, engine torque, EGR, injection timing, and engine boost levels.
Abstract:
Apparatus for sensing low concentration NOx in a measurement gas especially in the atmosphere has at least one sensor element (6) made of an oxide arranged in a flow path of the measurement gas, whose resistance varies in response to changes in NOx concentration in the measurement gas. The temperature of the sensor (6) is controlled to 500 - 800 DEG C by a heater (24). Upstream of the sensor (6) in a chamber (4) is a catalyst (5) which maintains partial pressures of NO and NO2 at equilibrium, and removes combustible gas, e.g. CO.
Abstract:
A gas sensor 10 includes a sensor element 1 having a specific function, and a housing 5 containing the sensor element 1 therein and including a specific thread section 2 and a sealing surface 4 which forms a sealing section 3 together with an installation section at a position deeper than the thread section 2 in a direction in which the sensor element 1 is inserted. Release torque at 850°C (1123 K) in the case where the housing is screwed into the installation section is 9 N·m or more, and an estimated value X 1 of a gap formed between the sealing surface 4 and the installation section at 850°C (1123 K) calculated according to a specific equation is 31 µm or less.