摘要:
The invention relates to a low-noise analog filter having an adjustable filter frequency, comprising a turned circuit, the resonance frequency (f o ) of which is equal to the filter frequency of the filter, which comprises a first circuit branch (S1), in which a first frequency-determining element is arranged, and a second circuit branch (S2), which is connected in parallel or in series to the first circuit branch (S1) and in which a second frequency-determining element is arranged. One of the frequency-determining elements is a capacitor (C) and the other an inductor (L), and further comprises an amplifier (OPV 1 or OPV 2 ) having variable amplification (V L or V C ), the amplifier being inserted in one of the two circuit branches (S1 or S2) and the output thereof being connected via the frequency-determining element arranged in said circuit branch (S1 or S2) to the inverting input of said element. During filter operation, the amplifier accordingly amplifies a voltage of the set amplification (V L or V C ) that is present by way of the frequency-determining element in said circuit branch (S1, S2), and thereby effects a corresponding change of a current flowing through said frequency-determining element.
摘要:
The invention describes an assembly for measuring a fill level of a filling material (1) in a container (3) by means of a fill level measuring device (7) that operates with microwaves, comprising a measuring device electronics unit which comprises a microwave generator for generating microwave signals, and an antenna (9, 9a, 9b) which is connected to the measuring device electronics unit and is used to transmit the microwave signals into the container (3) in the direction of the filling material (1), and an antenna (9, 9a, 9b) which is used to receive the reflection signals of the microwave signals reflected back in the direction of said antenna (9, 9a, 9b) in the container (3), wherein the assembly is equipped with at least one feedthrough (11, 25, 27) which is inserted in a signal path of the microwave signals or the reflection signals and causes the lowest possible impairment of the measured signal quality for the broadest possible signal frequency bandwidth, in particular in case of high signal frequencies of 70 GHz and more. The feedthrough (11, 25, 27) comprises a waveguide (17) into which a microwave-transparent window (19, 29, 31) is inserted in a gas-tight manner, which comprises a pane (21) having a thickness corresponding to about half the wavelength or to a low integer multiple of half the wavelength of a first microwave signal mode that can be propagated in the waveguide (17) at a predefined signal frequency in the pane (21). The window further comprises two adaptive layers (23, 33, 35) that are arranged at the two opposing outsides of the pane (21) and have a thickness corresponding to about a quarter of the wavelength of the first microwave signal mode that can be propagated in the waveguide (17) at the predefined signal frequency in the adaptive layers (23, 33, 35).
摘要:
The invention relates to a chemical seal, comprising a chemical seal body (20) and a separating membrane (10), wherein a pressure chamber, the volume V of which depends on the position of the separating membrane, is formed between the chemical seal body (20) and the separating membrane (10), wherein the separating membrane (10) has a material thickness h and a working region of an area A, wherein the separating membrane (10) has a reference position in which the pressure chamber contains a reference volume V ref , and can be deflected to such an extent that the volume of the pressure chamber varies between V ref +/- ΔV Target , wherein a non-dimensional deflection quantity w(ΔV) is associated with a volume change ΔV with w(ΔV) := (3.ΔV)/(A.h), where ΔV Target is dimensioned such that w(ΔV Target )|≥2.5; wherein for all w(ΔV) for which |w(ΔV)| ≤|w'(ΔV)|, where |w'(ΔV)|≥0.5*|w(ΔV Target )|, the separating membrane has an additional, non-axis-symmetrical deflection mode, which is superimposed on the axis-symmetrical deflection by w(ΔV), wherein the deflection of the non-axis-symmetrical deflection mode for |w(ΔV)|=0.4*|w(ΔV Target )| is at least 0.3 times the maximum deflection of the non-axis-symmetrical deflection mode.
摘要:
The invention relates to a pressure sensor comprising a semiconductor pressure transducer (41) having a measuring membrane and a circuit for converting a deformation of the measuring membrane into a signal, a pressure transmitter having a hydraulic path that extends through a solid body (50) between a first and a second opening, wherein the first opening is sealed using a separating membrane that can be loaded with a pressure in order to introduce the pressure to be measured into the hydraulic path, wherein at the second opening the hydraulic path opens into a transducer chamber in which the pressure transducer (41) is arranged and that is sealed by the measuring membrane of the pressure transducer, wherein the hydraulic path contains a transmitting liquid, a filling body (11) that is arranged in the transducer chamber in order to fill up cavities between the metallic walls of the transducer chamber and the semiconductor pressure transducer, and an isolator plate that is arranged in the transducer chamber between the measuring membrane and a wall of the transducer chamber facing the measuring membrane, wherein the isolator plate (21) is fixed to the filling body or is designed as one piece with the filling body.
摘要:
The invention relates to a pressure sensor comprising a sensing element, a pressure sensor housing (1), in which a sensor chamber containing the sensing element is defined, said pressure sensor housing (1) also having a front face (4) with a housing opening, by means of which the sensor can be impinged by a pressure, a process medium connection (2), which has a connection opening (5) in a connection front face (3). The process connection can be connected to the pressure sensor housing in such a way that said connection opening is aligned with the housing opening and the connection front face encloses the housing front face. A sealing ring (6) is located between the pressure sensor housing and the process medium connection, said ring consisting of an elastomeric material and sealing a gap between the connection front face and the housing front face. Preferably, the regions of the connection front face (3) and the housing front face (4) that lie adjacent to the gap are coplanar with one another.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a measuring device (1) for determining and/or monitoring a process variable of a medium in a container (2), with a mechanically oscillatory unit (5), which can be fastened via a fixing device (20) to a sensor housing (15) and/or to the container (2), and with a driving/receiving unit (25), which sets the mechanically oscillatory unit (5) in oscillatory motion or receives the oscillations of the mechanically oscillatory unit (5). According to the invention: the mechanically oscillatory unit (5) is set in oscillatory motion; reaction forces and/or reaction torques are detected, which act upon the fixing device (20) via the oscillations of the mechanically oscillatory unit (5); a message is output when the reaction forces and/or reaction torques exceed predeterminable limit values, and; in the event a message is output, the mechanically oscillatory unit (5) is altered with regard to its oscillation properties. The invention also relates to a corresponding device and to a measuring device (1) itself.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for reducing parameter data to be transferred during uploading and/or downloading of parameter settings between field devices and/or a control center, wherein the parameter data comprise information on an operating condition of said field device and/or information on a process variable recorded by means of said field device and/or identification date of said field device, wherein the data present after a reset process or upon start-up of said field device are established as default parameter data, wherein modification information as to whether said parameter deviates from the default parameter data is saved for each parameter, wherein only that parameter data is transferred for which a deviation from the default parameter data is determined by the modification information.
摘要:
The invention relates to a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (20), having at least one unit (1) that can oscillate mechanically and that comes into contact with the medium (20) at least partially, having at least one transducer unit (2), which induces the unit (1) that can oscillate mechanically to oscillate mechanically and which receives mechanical oscillations from the unit (1) that can oscillate mechanically, and having at least one housing (3). According to the invention, at least one bounding element (10) is provided, and the bounding element (10) is designed and arranged in such a way that the bounding element (10) at least partially surrounds the unit (1) that can oscillate mechanically and the resulting reduction of the volume surrounding the unit (1) that can oscillate mechanically increases the measurement sensitivity of the device. The invention further relates to a bounding element (10).
摘要:
The invention relates to a measuring device for outputting a measurement signal representing the difference between a first pressure and a second pressure. The measuring device comprises a first pressure transducer module (1) for outputting a sequence of first signals representing the first pressure; a second pressure transducer module (2) for generating a sequence of second signals representing the pressure; an evaluation module (3) for determining a sequence of differential values between the two pressure values and for outputting a sequence of fourth signals representing the respective difference; a first cable connection (14) between the first and the second pressure transducer module; and a second cable connection (28) between the second pressure transducer module and the evaluation module; the modules being spatially separate from each other; the second pressure transducer module (2) having an imaging unit (24) which is provided for receiving the sequences of first and second signals and for outputting, via the second cable connection (28), a sequence of third signals containing the respective pressure values to the evaluation module (3).