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    Fluorous multiphase catalyst or reagent systems, and processes using them
    66.
    发明公开
    Fluorous multiphase catalyst or reagent systems, and processes using them 失效
    Fluorierter mehrphasiger Katalysator oder Reagenzsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Verwendung。

    公开(公告)号：EP0633062A1

    公开(公告)日：1995-01-11

    申请号：EP94304877.7

    申请日：1994-07-04

    申请人： EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY

    发明人： Horvath, Istvan Tamas ,  Rabai, Jozsef

    IPC分类号： B01J31/16 ,  B01J31/02

    CPC分类号： C07F9/1411 ,  B01J31/183 ,  B01J31/185 ,  B01J31/20 ,  B01J31/2234 ,  B01J31/24 ,  B01J31/4046 ,  B01J2231/321 ,  B01J2231/70 ,  B01J2531/025 ,  B01J2531/822 ,  B01J2531/842 ,  B01J2531/845 ,  B01J2531/847 ,  B01J2531/94 ,  B01J2531/98 ,  B01J2540/225 ,  B01J2540/64 ,  C07C17/38 ,  C07C45/50 ,  C07C315/02 ,  C07D303/32 ,  C07D333/76 ,  C07F9/091 ,  C07F9/5004 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y02P20/584 ,  C07C317/14 ,  C07C47/02

    摘要： Stoichiometric and catalytic chemical transformations may be carried out in solution using novel fluorous multiphase systems (FMS). "Fluorous" denotes a carbon-fluorine bond rich organic molecule derived by replacing hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms with fluorine. The FMS consists of a fluorous phase containing a fluorous solvent, typically a fluorocarbon or a fluorohydrocarbon (with or without substituent groups), and a reagent or a catalyst containing a sufficient number of fluorous moieties to render it preferentially soluble in the fluorous solvent and located at the interface of the fluorous and nonfluorous phases. The nonfluorous (i.e. the second) solvent, may be any known organic or nonorganic solvent(s) with limited or no solubility in the fluorous solvent that is effective for dissolving the reactants and/or separating the reaction products (e.g., a nonfluorous solvent having a Hildebrand solubility parameter of at least about 18.0 MPa ½ ). The reaction can occur simultaneously in the fluorous phase and at the interface of the phases. The FMS reagents and FMS catalysts contain sufficient number of fluorous moieties to render them preferentially soluble into the fluorous phase and at the interface without impairing the efficacy or participation of the catalyst or reagent in the reaction which is maintained in a liquid or fluid phase. The preferred fluorous moieties are linear, branched and carbocyclic fluorocarbon alkyl chains with high carbon numbers that enable the catalyst or reagent to remain fluorous-phase compatible. The fluorous moieties may also contain O, S, N, P, As and Si, that assist in rendering the catalysts and reagents fluorous phase compatible. The FMS reagents and catalysts can be prepared by (1) fluorination (i.e., replacement of C-H bonds with fluorine); (2) fluorofunctionalization, e.g., the attachment of fluorous moieties to the reagents or catalysts; or (3) by total synthesis.
    The fluorous multiphase systems have utility to facilitate the separation of the FMS catalyst or spent FMS reagent, which has utility in the design and synthesis of catalysts and reagents with high product selectivity, resulting in especially environmentally friendly processes.

    摘要翻译： 使用新型氟多相体系（FMS）可在溶液中进行化学计量和催化化学转化。 “氟”表示通过用氟取代与碳原子键合的氢原子得到的富含碳 - 氟的有机分子。 FMS由含氟溶剂，通常为碳氟化合物或氟代烃（具有或不具有取代基）的氟相和含有足够数量的氟部分的试剂或催化剂组成，使其优先溶于氟溶剂并定位 在氟和非氟相的界面处。 非氟（即第二）溶剂可以是在氟溶剂中溶解有限或不溶性的任何已知的有机溶剂或非有机溶剂，其有效溶解反应物和/或分离反应产物（例如，具有 Hildebrand溶解度参数为至少约18.0MPa 1/2）。 反应可以在氟相和相的界面同时进行。 FMS试剂和FMS催化剂含有足够数量的氟部分，使它们优先溶于氟相和界面，而不损害催化剂或试剂在保持在液相或流体相中的反应中的功效或参与。 优选的氟部分是具有高碳数的直链，支链和碳环碳氟烷基链，使得催化剂或试剂保持与氟相容。 氟部分还可以含有O，S，N，P，As和Si，这有助于使催化剂和试剂氟相相容。 FMS试剂和催化剂可以通过（1）氟化（即用氟取代C-H键）来制备; （2）氟官能化，例如将氟部分连接到试剂或催化剂上; 或（3）全合成。 氟多相体系具有促进FMS催化剂或废FMS试剂分离的作用，其在设计和合成具有高产物选择性的催化剂和试剂中具有效用，从而导致特别环境友好的方法。

    Method for treating aqueous streams containing undesired amounts of cyanide
    67.
    发明公开
    Method for treating aqueous streams containing undesired amounts of cyanide 失效
    一种用于容纳不希望的量的氰化物的水的流的处理方法。

    公开(公告)号：EP0572698A1

    公开(公告)日：1993-12-08

    申请号：EP92109416.5

    申请日：1992-06-04

    申请人： UOP

    发明人： Frame, Robert R. ,  Kalnes, Tom N. ,  Moser, Mark D.

    IPC分类号： C02F1/72 ,  B01J31/12

    CPC分类号： B01J31/183 ,  B01J31/1616 ,  B01J31/1815 ,  B01J2531/025 ,  B01J2531/56 ,  B01J2531/842 ,  B01J2531/845 ,  B01J2531/96 ,  C02F1/32 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/722 ,  C02F1/725 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2101/18 ,  C02F2101/20 ,  Y10S210/904

    摘要： A cyanide-containing aqueous stream is treated to reduce the cyanide concentration by oxidation of cyanide using oxygen as the oxidizing agent under mild reaction conditions in the presence of a metal chelate catalyst. Especially effective chelates are metal phthalocyanines, particularly where the metal is vanadium or a member of the iron group metals. The oxidation can be effected homogeneously using water soluble metal chelates, or can be performed heterogeneously, especially in a continuous fashion using a packed bed reactor, by using suitable water-insoluble metal chelates, especially when supported on appropriate carriers.

    摘要翻译： 甲含氰化物的流wässrige治疗通过使用氧作为金属螯合物催化剂的存在下在温和的反应条件下，所述氧化剂氰化物的氧化降低氰化物浓度。 特别有效的螯合物是金属酞菁，特别是其中金属是钒或铁族金属中的一员。 氧化可以采用均匀的水溶性金属螯合物来进行，或使用填充床反应器可以执行的不均匀，爱尤其以连续的方式，通过使用合适的不溶于水的金属螯合物，特别是爱当在合适的载体支承。

    Caustic-free sweetening of sour hydrocarbon streams
    68.
    发明公开
    Caustic-free sweetening of sour hydrocarbon streams 失效
    NichtalkalischesSüssenvon Kohlenwasserstofffraktionen。

    公开(公告)号：EP0396934A1

    公开(公告)日：1990-11-14

    申请号：EP90107114.2

    申请日：1990-04-12

    申请人： UOP

    发明人： Frame, Robert R ,  Bricker, Jeffery C. ,  Stine, Laurence O. ,  Verachtert , Thomas A.

    IPC分类号： C10G27/10

    CPC分类号： B01J31/1616 ,  B01J31/0239 ,  B01J31/0254 ,  B01J31/183 ,  B01J2231/641 ,  B01J2531/025 ,  B01J2531/845 ,  C10G27/10

    摘要： The present invention deals with a process for sweetening a sour hydrocarbon fraction containing mercaptans. The process involves contacting the hydrocarbon fraction with a catalytic composite in the presence of an oxidizing agent, ammonium hydroxide and a quaterary ammonium salt. The instant process does not use any strong base nor any alkali hydroxides to sweeten the sour hydrocarbon fraction and thus obviates waste disposal problems.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种使含硫醇的含硫烃馏分变甜的方法。 该方法包括在氧化剂，氢氧化铵和季铵盐的存在下使烃馏分与催化复合物接触。 本方法不使用任何强碱和任何碱金属氢氧化物来使酸性烃馏分变甜，从而避免废物处理问题。

    Use of a novel catalytic composite for sweetening of sour petroleum distillate
    69.
    发明公开
    Use of a novel catalytic composite for sweetening of sour petroleum distillate 失效
    使用酸的石油馏出物的甜味剂的催化组合物。

    公开(公告)号：EP0394571A1

    公开(公告)日：1990-10-31

    申请号：EP89304077.4

    申请日：1989-04-24

    申请人： UOP

    发明人： Bricker, Jeffery C. ,  Frame, Robert R.

    IPC分类号： C10G27/10 ,  B01J31/16

    CPC分类号： C10G27/10 ,  B01J31/1616 ,  B01J31/183 ,  B01J2231/70 ,  B01J2531/56 ,  B01J2531/845

    摘要： A catalytic composite effective in oxidizing mercaptans contained in a sour petroleum distillate to disulfides comprises a metal chelate, an onium compound and optionally an alkali metal hydroxide. The onium compound may be selected from the group consisting of phosphonium, arsonium, stibonium, oxonium and sulfonium compounds, with phosphonium, oxonium and sulfonium compounds preferred. Additionally, metal phthalocyanines are a preferred class of metal chelates. An improved process for treating a sour petroleum distillate comprises using the catalytic composite described above to contact the sour petroleum distillate in the presence of an oxidizing agent at treating conditions.

    摘要翻译： 的催化复合材料有效地包含在酸石油馏出物为二硫化物氧化硫醇包括金属螯合物鎓碱金属氢氧化物的化合物和任选的。 鎓化合物可以选自鏻，鉮，锑鎓，氧鎓和锍化合物，其中优选的鏻，氧鎓和锍化合物中选择。 此外，金属酞菁是一类优选的金属螯合物。 用于治疗酸石油馏出物的改进方法，包括：使用上述接触在氧化剂的存在下，酸石油馏出物在处理条件的催化复合物。