摘要:
Carbonylation catalysts and methods for using them are disclosed. In some embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst includes the contact product of: (a) a nitrogen compound selected from monomeric pyridines and imidazoles; (b) a Group VIII metal; and (c) an alkali metal compound; wherein the catalyst material is on a solid support.
摘要:
Provided is a resin solid acid capable of reducing intermediate stage production costs by omitting the synthetic resin carbonization step and allowing sulfo groups to be introduced directly into the synthetic resin, and a method for producing that resin solid acid. The resin solid acid is a sulfo group-modified resin obtained by introducing sulfo groups into a raw material resin in an uncarbonized state, the yield of the sulfo group-modified resin based on the weight of the uncarbonized raw material resin is 80% or more, the amount of sulfo groups in the sulfo group-modified resin is 1 mmol/g or more, and the raw material resin is in the form of a powder, granules or fibers. In addition, the method for producing the resin solid acid is a production method for obtaining a sulfo group-modified resin by comprising a step for adding a sulfonating agent in the form of any of sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid to a raw material resin in an uncarbonized state, and a step for heating the uncarbonized raw material resin at 200°C or lower.
摘要:
A catalytic dehydration-hydrolysis process for the co-production of acetic acid and dimethyl ether from a mixture of methanol and methyl acetate and water in which the amount of water fed to the process is controlled by the steps of dehydrating a methanol feed to provide a crude product comprising dimethyl ether, unconverted methanol and water; recovering therefrom a stream comprising dimethyl ether, water and methanol and a water stream; separating dimethyl ether from the dimethyl-ether containing stream to produce a methanol stream comprising methanol and water; and supplying to the dehydration-hydrolysis process at least part of the methanol stream and methyl acetate.
摘要:
A process for the production of hemicellulose-derived monosaccharides comprising: (a) contacting an aqueous hemicellulosic stream with a C 3-8 alkyl alcohol at elevated temperature and acidic pH to produce a reaction mixture comprising a C 3-8 alkyl ester and a hemicellulose-derived monosaccharide; and (b) separating the reaction mixture obtained from step (a) into an aqueous phase comprising said hemicellulose-derived monosaccharide and an organic phase comprising said C 3-8 alkyl ester. The product of step (b) may be further processed using an optional step: (c) reacting said hemicellulose-derived monosaccharide obtained from step (b) with a metal hydroxide or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide to produce a metal lactate or quaternary ammonium lactate.