摘要:
Systems and methods for improved use of idle power of each satellite repeater/transponder (18) during low-traffic periods improve the overall link performance in multi-carrier, demand-assigned satellite communication systems through dynamic control and allocation of additional power to all signal carriers passing through each repeater (18) when the total traffic load in the repeater is below a threshold. For satellite systems already in operation, the invention can be implemented and integrated into the existing feeder earth stations (12). For new systems, the invention can be implemented and integrated into the transmit section of individual satellite repeaters/transponders (18). The invention can be applied to new satellite systems to directly reduce the required satellite payload power for a given mission, thus substantially lowering the cost of the space segment. For existing systems, the benefits may be applied toward increasing the total number of carriers supported by the system, increasing the average quality and availability for the downlinks, increasing the system coverage and service area, or any combination thereof.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for providing auxiliary data in a idle portion of a slot in a time division multiple access system are disclosed. A speech coder converts speech into digital signals that are coupled to a convolutional coder. The convolutional coder processes the digital signals using three or four connection polynomials to create two sets of outputs. One set of outputs, which is generated from first and second connection polynomials is identical to the standard output of a IS-136 convolutional coder. The second set of outputs, which are the auxiliary data, is generated using third and fourth connection polynomials. The second set of outputs is coupled to a puncturing function, which appropriately deletes portions of the second set of outputs. The remaining portion of the second set of outputs is transmitted in the idle portion of a time slot.
摘要:
An approach for immediate channel assignment in a wireless communications system involves receiving a channel request message from a wireless transceiver, the channel request message including a dialed party number; forming an immediate assignment message including a channel assignment; transmitting the immediate assignment message to the wireless transceiver; and establishing a communications channel between the wireless transceiver and a called party by establishing a channel between the wireless transceiver and the called party.
摘要:
The invention relates to a piece of jewellery with a first part (5) and second part (3), and a hinge (7) which provides a flexible link between the two parts (3, 5) in such a way that said parts (3, 5) can be moved between a first closed and a second open position. The inventive piece of jewellery is characterised in that a spring element (21) is provided to force the two parts (3, 5) into the closed position.
摘要:
A current steering circuit diverts bias current from a differential current summing amplifier's front end when the differential input exceeds a safe threshold level, thus preventing the amplifier's output stage from being overdriven. Diverting the front end's bias currents also turns off transistors within the amplifier's front end and thus protects the front end from damage which may otherwise result from excessive input signals.
摘要:
A remote temperature sensing system (10) for a scanning mirror (7). The system (10) includes a sensor which detects heat radiated by the mirror and provides a signal in response thereto. In the illustrative implementation, the system (10) includes a thermistor mounted within a housing. The housing is contoured to maximize the receipt of thermal energy thereby. A mounting assembly maintains the thermistor a predetermined nonzero distance from the scanning mirror (7). The invention includes a shroud (12) mounted on the mirror (7) for shielding the thermistor and a support tube connected to the thermistor housing on a first end and to a base on the second end thereof. The support tube is adapted to remain stationary within the shroud as the scanning mirror and the shroud rotate due to the scanning of the mirror. Wires are connected to the thermistor on a first end thereof and are wrapped around the support tube. The wires include a length of electrically conductive material having a resistivity which has a low sensitivity to temperature variations. The sensor output is processed in a conventional manner to provide an output indicative of the temperature of the mirror.
摘要:
A switchable pulldown film projection system comprising a film transport system (10) for transporting film (12) through a projector (14). The film transport system (10) has a plurality of sprockets (22, 24 and 28) teeth for engaging perforations (56) on the film (12), and a pair of motors (30 and 32) that rotate the sprockets (22, 24 and 28) and move the film (12) in a frame-by-frame manner with respect to an aperture (29) in the projector (14). The motors (30 and 32) are controlled by an electronic controller (94) that changes the rotational output of the motors (30 and 32) based on a signal (104) related to the format of the film (12) in terms of the number of perforations (56) spanned by each frame (58) on the film (12). The controller (94) enables the system (16) to switch between a variety of different film formats, on the same projector (14) and on the same strip of film (12), without substantially interrupting or delaying operation of the projector (14).
摘要:
Electrochemical machining (ECM) techniques utilizing real-time parameter monitoring, alarms and feedback control for improved machining of a workpiece are disclosed. The ECM device utilizes one or more cathodes, an electrolyte and a positively charged workpiece to achieve electrolytic action. A number of controlling variables, such as cathode feed rate, electrolyte flow rate and voltage, are balanced in response to measured system parameters. The following parameters are preferably monitored in order to adjust the controlling variables: the drive parameters of feed rate and cathode depth; the pump parameters of flow rate and pressure; and the power components of voltage and current. The flow rate in each of the cathodes, or a corresponding Reynolds number, is preferably utilized to provide an alarm to the operator if a statistically significant change in flow is detected. The dynamic fluid resistance gradient across one or more of the gaps being machined is utilized to approximate the desired shape of the workpiece being machined in real-time. The dynamic electrical resistance may be utilized to improve the shape approximation. The approximated shape values are utilized to provide feedback control of one or more of the controlling variables to obtain improved results. The dynamic fluid resistance is the difference between the total measured fluid resistance and the static fluid resistance, as obtained during a calibration procedure.
摘要:
The radio frequency unit (60) of a millimeter wave terrestrial radio includes a housing (62) with a front face (64a) and a back face (64b), a microwave radio frequency transceiver electronics package within the housing (62), an antenna (68) affixed to the front face (64a) of the housing (62), and appropriate signal connections and feeds. One portion of a dovetail support structure, preferably the male dovetail fitting (74), is affixed to the back face (64b) of the housing (62). The other portion of the dovetail support structure, preferably the female dovetail fitting (80), is mounted to a mounting structure. The dovetail support structure (74, 80) allows the radio frequency unit (60) to be readily mounted to and demounted from the mounting structure. A reference plane (83a, 83b) defined between the radio frequency unit (60) and the mounting structure (80) allows the radio frequency unit (60) to be precisely oriented relative to the mounting structure (80).
摘要:
A method and apparatus for broadcasting newsgroup information to a plurality of users uses a news server (50), which is in communication with the Internet (60), a newscast transmitter (62), a satellite gateway (70), and a subscriber station (82). The news server (50) gathers newsgroup information from Internet newsgroups, and the newscast transmitter (62), in conjunction with the satellite gateway (70) and the satellite (75), distributes all of the information to a plurality of subscriber stations (82). The subscriber stations preferably include personal computers equipped to receive broadcast newsgroup information. The subscriber stations (82) each include a personal news server, storage media and a newsreader. The personal news server filters newsgroup information received based on subscription information stored only local to the receiver. The filtered newsgroup information is stored on the storage media for use at a later time when a user desires to read the newsgroup information.