摘要:
A method and apparatus for controlling a piezo-electric actuator coupled to a driven member is disclosed. The piezo-electric actuator (212) is responsive to waveforms (2040, 204) with asymmetrical voltage/current profiles on the rising and falling edge to effect consistent and cumulative movement of the driven member in one of two directions throughout the reciprocations of the piezo-electric actuator. The waveforms are digitally generated from a stored set of numbers or a function for generating the set of numbers. The numbers correspond with the discrete digital values associated with the desired waveforms for moving the driven member in either of at least two directions. The controller may be used to drive more than one piezo-electric actuator. The controller may include responsiveness to a feedback of the position of the driven member to accurately position the driven member. The controller may also include the ability to update the function or values stored in memory so as to couple more efficiently with the new or existing actuators.
摘要:
An optical isolator (200) comprises a first birefringent wedge (206) configured to refract incident light into an o-ray and e-ray, a rotator (208) configured to rotate the polarization planes of the o-ray and e-ray, a second birefringent wedge (210) and a correction element (212) of birefringent material. The lengh and the orientation of the optic axis of the correction element are chosen to compensate for first oder polarization mode dispersion, that is differential group delay, and walk-off introduced by the first and second polarizers.
摘要:
A system and method for real time process control, using a linearly swept tunable laser, which allows high speed in-situ monitoring and control of wavelength-specific properties of optical components. The invention comprises scanning an optical component with a high speed, high linearity tunable laser, and detecting optical output from the component during the scanning. Preferably, the invention also includes adjusting or controlling the optical properties of the component during scanning, according to detected optical output from the component. The invention is embodied in a process control system comprising a high speed, high linearity, tunable laser operatively coupled to an optical component which in turn is operatively coupled to an optical detector. A system control processor is operatively coupled to the tunable laser and detector. A processing control unit is associated with the optical component and is operatively coupled to the system control processor. In operation, the optical component is scanned by the tunable laser, and real time process control of one or more wavelength specific properties of the optical component may be carried out according to feedback from the optical detector and process control unit.
摘要:
Interference elements (112, 116, 122) are disclosed for measurement of wavelength in optical devices (100). They may be used for display, monitoring, control or locking of optical signal sources. They may be used to determine relative and absolute wavelength variations in an optical beam (130).
摘要:
Disclosed are optical circulators possessing a longitudinal axis, the optical circulator including a first and second walk-off crystals optically coupled in a substantially equivalent optical distance, cascaded walk-off configuration, together with systems including such circulators, and methods of circulating optical signals.
摘要:
A holder (10) for centered round articles (A) comprises a frame (12) having a first arm (14) and a second arm (16) pivotally attached thereto. The first arm defines a single contact point (18) at its distal end while the second arm defines a pair of diverging surfaces (20, 22) at its distal end. The two arms are mechanically coupled to rotate relative to each other in a fixed relationship, and the curved surfaces on the second arm are shaped in a particular manner so that circular articles held by the two arms will be centered at a fixed location relative to the frame.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for controlling a piezo-electric actuator coupled to a driven member is disclosed. The piezo-electric actuator (212) is responsive to waveforms (2040, 204) with asymmetrical voltage/current profiles on the rising and falling edge to effect consistent and cumulative movement of the driven member in one of two directions throughout the reciprocations of the piezo-electric actuator. The waveforms are digitally generated from a stored set of numbers or a function for generating the set of numbers. The numbers correspond with the discrete digital values associated with the desired waveforms for moving the driven member in either of at least two directions. The controller may be used to drive more than one piezo-electric actuator. The controller may include responsiveness to a feedback of the position of the driven member to accurately position the driven member. The controller may also include the ability to update the function or values stored in memory so as to couple more efficiently with the new or existing actuators.
摘要:
The present invention provides an optical multimeter (100) for use in calibrating and testing optical components. The optical multimeter (100) includes an analog/digital signal generator (250) for delivering an output beam (260) over a wide range of frequencies, duty cycles and amplitudes. Circuitry is also provided for modulation (222) of an analog signal onto the output. The signal generator (250) includes a tunable laser that is thermally stabilized as to optical path length, as well as tuning angle of the tuning element. The tunable laser exhibits a small form factor due in part to a novel wavelength control process which utilizes an open loop system to maintain precise output wavelength (260) control without the requirement of either a wavelength or position feedback device. Additionally, the tunable laser incorporates an inexpensive modulator circuit (222) which combines a low frequency closed loop power control with a separate digital modulator.
摘要:
The present invention provides a continuously tunable external cavity laser ECL with a compact form factor and precise tuning to a selected center wavelength of a selected wavelength grid. The ECL may thus be utilized in telecom applications to generate the center wavelengths for any channel on the ITU or other optical grid. The ECL does not require a closed loop feedback. A novel tuning mechanism is disclosed which provides for electrical or mechanical tuning to a known position or electrical parameter, e.g., voltage, current, or capacitance, with the required precision in the selected center wavelength arising as a result of a novel arrangement of a grid generator (226) and a channel selector (262). The grid generator (226) exhibits first pass bands which correspond to the spacing between the individual channels of the selected wavelength grid and a fineness which suppresses side band modes of the laser. The channel selector (262) exhibits second pass bands that are wider than the first pass bands. In an embodiment of the invention the second pass bands have a periodicity substantially corresponding with the separation between the shortest wavelength channel and the longest wavelength channel of the selected wavelength grid and a finesse which suppresses channels adjacent to the selected channel. The broad second pass bands of the channel selector reduce the sensitivity of the ECL to tuning variations about the selected channel, thus avoiding the requirement of a closed loop feedback system to control the channel selector (262).
摘要:
A method and apparatus for controlling a piezo-electric actuator coupled to a driven member is disclosed. The piezo-electric actuator (212) is responsive to waveforms (2040, 204) with asymmetrical voltage/current profiles on the rising and falling edge to effect consistent and cumulative movement of the driven member in one of two directions throughout the reciprocations of the piezo-electric actuator. The waveforms are digitally generated from a stored set of numbers or a function for generating the set of numbers. The numbers correspond with the discrete digital values associated with the desired waveforms for moving the driven member in either of at least two directions. The controller may be used to drive more than one piezo-electric actuator. The controller may include responsiveness to a feedback of the position of the driven member to accurately position the driven member. The controller may also include the ability to update the function or values stored in memory so as to couple more efficiently with the new or existing actuators.