摘要:
A liquid transport membrane includes a porous layer having conductive electrodes on the opposite surfaces. The electrodes are arranged so as to induce an electric field across the membrane when a driving voltage is applied to the electrodes. The conductive electrodes each include a thin conductive layer which is coated onto the porous layer and an additional layer to improve the distribution of electricity.
摘要:
A textile (10) comprising first and second conductive layers (12a, 12b); at least one porous layer (14) positioned between first and second conductive layers (12a, 12b), the pores of said porous layer (14) extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to said conductive layers (12a, 12b); the conductive layers (12a, 12b) being connected to an electric signal generator (15) such that, in use, a voltage can be applied across said porous layer (14) to effect directional flow of liquid across said textile (10), and a voltage can also be applied along at least one of the conductive layers (12a, 12b) to effect heating of said textile (10).
摘要:
A method of increasing energy efficiency of a flexible fabric (10) which is to be heated, the flexible fabric (10) comprising a heating layer (1) which is conductive, a conductive layer (3a), and an electroosmotic liquid transport layer (6a) between the heating layer (1) and the conductive layer (3a), the method comprising supplying electric power to the heating layer (1) to heat it, and applying an electric field to the electroosmotic liquid transport layer (6a) to transport liquid away from the heating layer (1).
摘要:
Apparatus for inducing motion of charged particles in a liquid or gel using an electric field, the apparatus comprising a region in which the motion is to be induced, first and second electrodes (1, 2) for generating the electric field in the region whereby a current passes between the electrodes (1, 2) so as to induce the charged particle motion and so as to cause ions to be received at the second electrode, measurement means (7) arranged to measure the amount of charge transferred between the first and second electrodes (1, 2) during an induced charged particle motion operation, the measurement means (7) being able to take account of any variation in current or voltage during the induced charged particle motion operation, and control means (20) for controlling a regenerating operation for regenerating the second electrode (2) by transferring via it an amount of charge substantially equal to the measured amount so as to cause ions to be removed from the second electrode (2) and thereby regenerate the electrode.