Abstract:
The present invention relates to diesel fuel and lubrication oil defoaming agents, and crude oil demulsifiers, as well as methods for using same. In particular, the defoaming agents and demulsifiers are comprised of copolymers which have structures constituting a backbone of polysiloxane onto which is grafted an organic group. These structures comprise a polymer of the formula MDxD'yD'zM, where M is O.5Si(CH3)3, D is a OSi(CH3)2, D' is OSi(CH3)R, D' is OSi(CH3)R', R is a polyhydric C6-C28 organic group, R' is a phenol derivative or a long chain aliphatic group or polyethers, z is between 0 and 80, x+y+z is between 10-200, x/z is ≥ 1, and x/(y+z) is between about 1 and about 5, or formula M'DaM' where M' is O.5Si(CH3)2R, a is between 4-10, and R and D are the same as defined above.
Abstract:
PVC stabilizers containing an overbased mixture of salts, such as magnesium and zinc salts, of unsubstituted and/or alkyl-substituted benzoic acid and optionally one or more fatty aliphatic acids, which contain a carbonate and/or silicate stabilizer, and which preferably also contain one or more polyols containing 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups, exhibit significant and unexpected reduction in the tendency to volatilize and form 'fog' upon exposure of the formulation to moderately elevated temperatures, without loss of other desirable stabilization properties.
Abstract:
Diquaternary ammonium esters useful as bleach activators are disclosed, as are bleach compositions comprising such an ester and a peroxygen compound which yields peroxide in solution.
Abstract:
Disclosed are liquid stabilizer compositions useful in polyvinyl chloride formulations and which exhibit a reduced tendency to form precipitates on standing, comprising one or more aromatic ether alcohols of the formula (1): Ar-O-(CH2CH(X)O)nH wherein Ar is aryl, X is -H or -CH3, and n is 1 to 5, and one or more thioglycolates of the formula (2): (R1)aSn(-SCH2COOR2)4-a wherein R1 is C¿1-4? alkyl, a is 1-2, and R?2¿ is C¿7-16? alkyl.
Abstract:
Improved activation of the blowing agent used to form blown PVC products, as well as thermal stabilization, are provided by a combination of an ester of the formula (R1)1-2Sn(-S-Ra-OC(=O)R2)2-3 wherein R1 is C¿1-4? alkyl, R?a¿ is alkyl, and R2 is C¿6-24? alkyl or alkenyl; one or both of mono (C1-4 alkyl) and di (C1-4 alkyl) tin sulfides; a complex of diorganotin oxide with an oxygen-containing acid; and optionally an ester HS-R?c¿-OC(=O)R3 wherein Rc is alkyl and R3 is C¿6-24? alkyl or alkenyl.
Abstract:
Compounds of the formula A-D-(OC2H4)x-(O-Alk)y-(OC2H4)z-OR, wherein A denotes a straight-chained or branched alkyl or alkenyl group containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenyl-alkenyl group wherein the alkenyl moiety contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a polycyclic group containing 9 to 14 carbon atoms, a polyol, alkoxy group, or hydrogen; B denotes phenoxy, oxy, phenyl, a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group, an amino group, or a carbonyl group; x is 0 - 10; y is 1 - 10; z is 0 - 100; each (O-Alk) denotes straight-chained or branched propoxy, butoxy or substituted oxirane; and R is hydrogen, sulfate, sulfonate, monophosphate, diphosphate, carboxylate, monosulfosuccinate, disulfosuccinate, or a salt thereof, are useful as surfactants per se and in any application in which the corresponding purely ethoxylated surfactants are useful, and have been found to exhibit reduced or no estrogenicity in themselves and their degradation products.
Abstract:
Organic peroxide compositions which contain an α-hydroxyalkyl peroxide compound to retard the rate of decomposition of the peroxide compound are disclosed.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a stabilizer composition effective to protect PVC resin against heat-mediated deterioration, comprising a mixture of barium and zinc salts of aliphatic C6-C20 carboxylates and aromatic C7-C12 carboxylates, organic triphosphites of the formula R1OP(OR3)OR2 wherein each of R1, R2 and R3 is C6-C12 alkyl or phenyl, and organic acid phosphites of the formula R4OP(OH)OR5 wherein each of R4 and R5 is C6-C12 alkyl or phenyl, or R4 can be hydrogen. PVC film compounded with this stabilizer composition also exhibits improved wettability and adherence to water-based inks applied to such films.
Abstract:
An electrical grade polyvinyl chloride resin composition suitable for use as an electrical insulation material and avoiding the use of lead based stabilizers having a high volume resistivity when exposed to or immersed in water and a high resistance to deterioration when heated at temperatures above 100 DEG C. is disclosed. The composition is composed of an electrical grade polyvinyl chloride resin, filler, carboxylic acid ester plasticizer, at least one heat stabilizer from which cadmium and lead are substantially excluded, and as a wet resistivity agent protecting against the effective of water, a defined amount of at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.