Abstract:
The object of the present invention is a method for the purifying distillation of raw, aqueous 1,4-butanediol (1), in which 1,4-butanediol (5) freed of components boiling at a lower point than 1,4-butanediol and water is conducted through three distillation columns (III, IV, V), components boiling at a higher point than 1,4-butanediol are drawn from the bottom of the first column and conducted to the third (7), 1,4-butanediol is conducted from the top of the first column (6) into the second, the bottom product of the second column (9) is conducted into the third, the top product of the third column (11) is returned at least partially to the first column, characterized in that the pure 1,4-butanediol is removed from the side outlet of the second column.
Abstract:
The object of the present invention is an integrated method for the continuous production of 1,4-butanediol, comprising the following steps: (I) reacting formaldehyde with acetylene in the presence of a catalyst comprising copper at a pH value between 5 and 8, and at a molar ratio of formaldehyde to acetylene of a maximum of 2:1, (II) intermediate buffering of the resulting aqueous mixture comprising butanediol for 0.1 to 100 h, (III) hydrating the mixture obtained after intermediate buffering, and (IV) distilling the hydrogenation product obtained in step II for yielding 1,4-butanediol.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the work-up of acidic or basic ionic liquids (IL) of the general formula (I), [A]+(1/n)*[Y]− (I) where [A]+ is a quaternary ammonium cation and (1/n)*[Y]n− is one anion equivalent of an n-fold charged anion, which comprises adding a conjugate acid-base pair selected from among compounds of the formula (II), [A]+[X]− (II) where [A]+ has the meaning given for the ionic liquid and [X]− is a conjugate base to the ionic liquid (IL).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for chemically reacting and separating a mixture in a column, during which a reactive distillation is at least partially superimposed by an extractive distillation, and an ionic liquid serving as an entrainer is led into the column.