公开(公告)号：EP1272300B1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-18

申请号：EP01915064.8

申请日：2001-02-22

申请人： Glatt Systemtechnik GmbH ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： BRETSCHNEIDER, Frank ,  STEPHAN, Herbert ,  BRÜCKNER, Jürgen ,  STEPHANI, Günter ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WAAG, Ulf

IPC分类号： B22F1/00 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B22F3/11

CPC分类号： B22F1/0051 ,  B22F3/1112 ,  B22F3/1143 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  Y10T428/12181 ,  B22F3/1121 ,  B22F3/001

摘要： According to the invention, the shaped bodies are comprised of at least one heavy metal, preferably Fe, Ni, Co, Sn, Mo or W, which can be reduced from a corresponding metal compound at a temperature of less than 1,500 °C. The shaped bodies have an outer diameter ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 mm and a diameter to wall thickness ratio ranging from 0.5 to 3 %. According to the method, starting materials are applied as a covering layer to supporting elements of any shape, and the green products produced in such a manner are subsequently heat-treated. During the heat-treatment, the supporting elements are pyrolyzed, the covering layers are, in essence, thermally decomposed, and the decomposition products are sintered. The outer dimensions of the supporting elements are selected such that they are larger than the shaped bodies to be produced. Metallic compounds, preferably metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, or organometallic compounds are selected as starting materials and can be reduced at a temperature of less than 1,200 °C. The heat treatment is carried out in a reductive atmosphere containing hydrogen and/or carbon in such a way that the starting materials are essentially reduced to the sintered metal which provides the foundation for the respectively used metal compound.

公开(公告)号：EP1251985B8

公开(公告)日：2005-11-09

申请号：EP01911397.6

申请日：2001-01-24

申请人： Glatt Systemtechnik Dresden GmbH ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： BRETSCHNEIDER, Frank ,  STEPHAN, Herbert ,  BRÜCKNER, Jürgen ,  STEPHANI, Günter ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WAAG, Ulf ,  ANDERSEN, Olaf ,  HUNKEMÖLLER, Paul

IPC分类号： B22F1/00

CPC分类号： B22F1/0062 ,  B22F1/0051 ,  B22F1/025 ,  B22F3/1112 ,  B22F3/1125 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C03C11/002 ,  C03C17/00 ,  C04B38/0038 ,  C04B38/009 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/4584 ,  Y10T428/1317 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/2991 ,  Y10T428/2993 ,  Y10T428/2998 ,  C04B41/45 ,  C04B41/52

摘要： The invention relates to hollow balls comprising shells consisting of a sintered inorganic material, such as metals, metal oxides or ceramics. The invention also relates to methods for producing lightweight structural elements by means of such hollow balls. The aim of the invention is to enlarge the field of application, to technologically simplify the treatment for producing structural components and to improve the application characteristics of the hollow balls and the structural components produced therewith. An additional solid functional layer is designed on the hollow balls and on a shell. The material of the functional layer can be formed in a free-flowing, plastic and/or elastic manner owing to a physical and/or chemical treatment.

公开(公告)号：EP0954750A2

公开(公告)日：1999-11-10

申请号：EP98907830.0

申请日：1998-01-19

申请人： FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FÖRDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V.

发明人： KÜHNICKE, Horst ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  ZOUHAR, Gustav ,  WAAG, Ulf

IPC分类号： C22C32 ,  G01N29

CPC分类号： C22C32/00 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  G01N29/14 ,  G01N29/227 ,  B22F3/24

摘要： The invention relates to components made of ductile metallic materials, and a method by which deformation, or strain acting upon this, are determined by means of sound emission analysis. For this, a material which is brittle at least in the under 400° temperature range is added in particle form to the ductile metallic material, which is preferably a weldable structural steel, but can also be a ductile light metal alloy (e.g. aluminium alloy), in order to heighten the sound emission behaviour. In this, the particles should be brittle at least in the application temperature range of the respective component, e.g. at room temperature. It is favourable if the particles are plastically ductile also in the transformation temperature range, so that a particular structure (prolate or needle-shaped) of the particles can be achieved, for example by strain hardening.

公开(公告)号：EP1251985B9

公开(公告)日：2006-01-11

申请号：EP01911397.6

申请日：2001-01-24

申请人： Glatt Systemtechnik Dresden GmbH ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： BRETSCHNEIDER, Frank ,  STEPHAN, Herbert ,  BRÜCKNER, Jürgen ,  STEPHANI, Günter ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WAAG, Ulf ,  ANDERSEN, Olaf ,  HUNKEMÖLLER, Paul

IPC分类号： B22F1/00

CPC分类号： B22F1/0062 ,  B22F1/0051 ,  B22F1/025 ,  B22F3/1112 ,  B22F3/1125 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C03C11/002 ,  C03C17/00 ,  C04B38/0038 ,  C04B38/009 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/4584 ,  Y10T428/1317 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/2991 ,  Y10T428/2993 ,  Y10T428/2998 ,  C04B41/45 ,  C04B41/52

摘要： The invention relates to hollow balls comprising shells consisting of a sintered inorganic material, such as metals, metal oxides or ceramics. The invention also relates to methods for producing lightweight structural elements by means of such hollow balls. The aim of the invention is to enlarge the field of application, to technologically simplify the treatment for producing structural components and to improve the application characteristics of the hollow balls and the structural components produced therewith. An additional solid functional layer is designed on the hollow balls and on a shell. The material of the functional layer can be formed in a free-flowing, plastic and/or elastic manner owing to a physical and/or chemical treatment.

公开(公告)号：EP1251985B1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-25

申请号：EP01911397.6

申请日：2001-01-24

申请人： Glatt Systemtechnik Dresden GmbH ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： BRETSCHNEIDER, Frank ,  STEPHAN, Herbert ,  BRÜCKNER, Jürgen ,  STEPHANI, Günter ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WAAG, Ulf ,  ANDERSEN, Olaf ,  HUNKEMÖLLER, Paul

IPC分类号： B22F1/00

CPC分类号： B22F1/0062 ,  B22F1/0051 ,  B22F1/025 ,  B22F3/1112 ,  B22F3/1125 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C03C11/002 ,  C03C17/00 ,  C04B38/0038 ,  C04B38/009 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/4584 ,  Y10T428/1317 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/2991 ,  Y10T428/2993 ,  Y10T428/2998 ,  C04B41/45 ,  C04B41/52

摘要： The invention relates to hollow balls comprising shells consisting of a sintered inorganic material, such as metals, metal oxides or ceramics. The invention also relates to methods for producing lightweight structural elements by means of such hollow balls. The aim of the invention is to enlarge the field of application, to technologically simplify the treatment for producing structural components and to improve the application characteristics of the hollow balls and the structural components produced therewith. An additional solid functional layer is designed on the hollow balls and on a shell. The material of the functional layer can be formed in a free-flowing, plastic and/or elastic manner owing to a physical and/or chemical treatment.

公开(公告)号：EP0954750B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-02

申请号：EP98907830.8

申请日：1998-01-19

申请人： FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FÖRDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V.

发明人： KÜHNICKE, Horst ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  ZOUHAR, Gustav ,  WAAG, Ulf

IPC分类号： G01N29/14

CPC分类号： C22C32/00 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  G01N29/14 ,  G01N29/227 ,  B22F3/24

摘要： The invention relates to components made of ductile metallic materials, and a method by which deformation, or strain acting upon this, are determined by means of sound emission analysis. For this, a material which is brittle at least in the under 400° temperature range is added in particle form to the ductile metallic material, which is preferably a weldable structural steel, but can also be a ductile light metal alloy (e.g. aluminium alloy), in order to heighten the sound emission behaviour. In this, the particles should be brittle at least in the application temperature range of the respective component, e.g. at room temperature. It is favourable if the particles are plastically ductile also in the transformation temperature range, so that a particular structure (prolate or needle-shaped) of the particles can be achieved, for example by strain hardening.

公开(公告)号：EP1530689B1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-08

申请号：EP03750431.3

申请日：2003-08-23

申请人： Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. KG ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： GEBHARD, Friedrich ,  HOLDERIED, Meinrad ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WALTHER, Gunnar ,  WEISSGÄRBER, Thomas

IPC分类号： F16D69/02

CPC分类号： F16D69/02 ,  F16D69/025 ,  F16D69/027 ,  F16D2069/004

摘要： The invention relates to a friction layer for two opposing friction pieces which may be brought together and apart and which also circulate. At least one friction piece comprises a friction layer rigidly arranged on a support and a medium is found between the friction layer and the corresponding counterpiece to the friction piece. The material components for the material composition of the friction layer made from composite material, further additives and the binding composition of the above, are selected such that the material composition and hence the friction layer have considerable shrinkage properties caused by the heat treatment during the production thereof and shrinkage relative to the material of the support for the friction layer. As a result of the shrinkage process during the heat treatment, a network structure of irregularly distributed, directly interconnected channel-like recesses is embodied in the whole friction layer.

公开(公告)号：EP1272300A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-08

申请号：EP01915064.8

申请日：2001-02-22

申请人： Glatt Systemtechnik GmbH ,  Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zurFörderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.

发明人： BRETSCHNEIDER, Frank ,  STEPHAN, Herbert ,  BRÜCKNER, Jürgen ,  STEPHANI, Günter ,  SCHNEIDER, Lothar ,  WAAG, Ulf

IPC分类号： B22F1/00 ,  B22F1/02 ,  B22F3/11

CPC分类号： B22F1/0051 ,  B22F3/1112 ,  B22F3/1143 ,  B22F2998/10 ,  Y10T428/12181 ,  B22F3/1121 ,  B22F3/001

摘要： According to the invention, the shaped bodies are comprised of at least one heavy metal, preferably Fe, Ni, Co, Sn, Mo or W, which can be reduced from a corresponding metal compound at a temperature of less than 1,500 °C. The shaped bodies have an outer diameter ranging from 0.05 to 0.5 mm and a diameter to wall thickness ratio ranging from 0.5 to 3 %. According to the method, starting materials are applied as a covering layer to supporting elements of any shape, and the green products produced in such a manner are subsequently heat-treated. During the heat-treatment, the supporting elements are pyrolyzed, the covering layers are, in essence, thermally decomposed, and the decomposition products are sintered. The outer dimensions of the supporting elements are selected such that they are larger than the shaped bodies to be produced. Metallic compounds, preferably metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, or organometallic compounds are selected as starting materials and can be reduced at a temperature of less than 1,200 °C. The heat treatment is carried out in a reductive atmosphere containing hydrogen and/or carbon in such a way that the starting materials are essentially reduced to the sintered metal which provides the foundation for the respectively used metal compound.