Abstract:
Provided is an assembly capable of maintaining the necessary strength of a weld in steps of manufacturing the assembly and in use of the assembly. A steel sheet assembly according to the present invention includes a plurality of lapped steel sheets which have a composition containing C: 0.4% or less, Si: 3.0% or less, Al: 3.0% or less, Mn: 0.2% to 6.0%, P: 0.1% or less, and S: 0.07% or less on a mass basis, the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, and which have a tensile strength of 1,470 MPa or less and a thickness of 0.3 mm to 5.0 mm, the steel sheet assembly being formed by applying, in advance, an adhesive and a carbon-supplying agent to a surface of either or both of the steel sheets to be lapped and then welding the steel sheets. A weld of the assembly has a nugget diameter of 2.8ˆšt (mm) or more, where t denotes the thickness of a thinner one of the steel sheets on both sides of a weld interface, and the amount of C is increased by 0.02% by mass or more as compared to the steel sheets before being applied with the adhesive and the carbon-supplying agent.
Abstract:
This indirect spot welding is for welding members including at least two overlapping steel sheets that have a ferrite phase as a main phase by holding a welding electrode (23) against a steel sheet (21) from one side while applying pressure with the electrode (23), attaching a feeding point (24) to a steel sheet (22) at the other side at a location remote from the electrode (23), and allowing current to flow between the electrode (23) and the feeding point (24). This welding includes contacting magnetic rigid bodies (26-1, 26-2) to a peripheral area of the electrode (23) from the one side against which the electrode (23) is held and securing an overlapping region in the peripheral area of the electrode (23) by a magnetic force produced by the rigid bodies (26-1, 26-2), thereby obtaining a weld having fully satisfactory strength, regardless of the rigidity of the members.
Abstract:
Provided is a friction stir welding method for welding steel sheets together, wherein a heating device (4) disposed ahead of a rotating tool in an advancing direction preheats an unwelded portion before the welding thereof by the rotating tool (10) and at the time of preheating, the surface temperature distribution in a direction perpendicular to the advancing direction in a position at which the welding by the rotating tool (10) is initiated is set such that given that T Ac1 is the Ac 1 point of a steel sheet, the maximum temperature (T U ) thereof is in the range of 0.6 × T Ac1
Abstract:
When friction-stir welding steel sheets, for the rotating tool, rotation speed RS is set 100-1000 rpm, rotational torque RT 50-500 Nm, and travel speed TS 10-1000 mm/min, and HIPT (kJ/mm 2 ) is controlled to be in a range of 0.3-1.5. The steel sheets that are used have a composition including 0.01-0.2 mass% of C, 0.5-2.0 mass% of Mn, 0.6 mass% or less of Si, 0.030 mass% or less of P, 0.015 mass% or less of S, and 0.0060 mass% or less of O, with a content of Ti [%Ti] and a content of N [%N] being restricted in relation to the HIPT, Ceq being 0.5 mass% or less, and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities. As a result, local change in the frictional heat and plastic flow generated by friction can be prevented, yielding a weld portion with uniform and good toughness.
Abstract:
Provided is a friction stir welding method for steel sheets comprising: inserting a rotating tool into an unwelded portion where two or more steel sheets are overlapped or butted together; moving the rotating tool along portions to be welded while rotating the tool, so that a softened portion is formed in the steel sheets by friction heat generated between the rotating tool and the steel sheets, and the steel sheets are welded together by utilizing a plastic flow generated by the softened portion being stirred; and preheating the unwelded portion before welding by the rotating tool, wherein the preheating of the unwelded portion is performed by a pair of heating devices disposed over and under the unwelded portion and ahead of the rotating tool in the advancing direction to enable high speed welding without the risk of generation of welding defects and damages to the welding tool.
Abstract:
An objective is to provide sufficient strength and good welding workability by advantageously eliminating plastic flow defects generated due to insufficient heating of workpieces. In a friction stir welding apparatus according to the present invention, a preheating process for heating a steel sheet used as a workpiece is performed with a heating device in front of a rotary tool moving in the welding direction during friction stir welding of structural steel. The surface temperature, the area, and the position of the heated region in the preheating process are strictly controlled.
Abstract:
Even in indirect spot welding where a spot welding electrode applies pressure to overlapping metal sheets from only one side to weld a portion whose opposite side is in an unsupported and hollow state, an indirect spot welding apparatus can accurately control a pressing force of the spot welding electrode and stably obtain a welded portion having a satisfactory strength. In the indirect spot welding apparatus, a lower limit in a stable pressing force region where the pressing force of the spot welding electrode against the metal sheets can be controlled within a tolerance of ±10% ranges from 70 N to 200 N and an upper limit in the stable pressing force region ranges from 800 N to 2000 N, and an overshoot OS(%) = (PL-AL)/AL x 100 of the pressing force occurring when the spot welding electrode is pressed against the metal sheets is controlled to be 10% or less. In the equation described above, PL represents a peak pressing force (N) in an overshoot range, and AL represents an average pressing force (N) applied by the electrode.