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公开(公告)号：EP0871926B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-11
申请号：EP97926170.8
申请日：1997-06-26
IPC分类号： G02F3/02
CPC分类号： G02F1/1523 , G02F1/19 , G02F2001/1536 , G02F2202/34
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公开(公告)号：EP0871926A1
公开(公告)日：1998-10-21
申请号：EP97926170.0
申请日：1997-06-26
CPC分类号： G02F1/1523 , G02F1/19 , G02F2001/1536 , G02F2202/34
摘要： A description is given of a switching device (1) comprising a transparent substrate (3), a switching film (5) including hydrides of gadolinium or other trivalent metal, and magnesium, covered with a palladium layer (7). By exchange of hydrogen, the switching film can be reversibly switched from a transparent state to a mirror-like state with zero transmission via an intermediate black absorbing state. The conversion between both states is reversible, and this phenomenon can be used, for example, in an optical switching element or sun roof.
摘要翻译： 对包括透明基板（3），包含钆或其它三价金属的氢化物的开关膜（5）和覆盖有钯层（7）的镁的开关装置（1）进行描述。 通过氢的交换，开关膜可以通过中间黑吸收状态可逆地从零透射状态从透明状态切换到镜状状态。 两种状态之间的转换是可逆的，并且这种现象可以用于例如光学开关元件或天窗中。
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公开(公告)号：EP0904562A1
公开(公告)日：1999-03-31
申请号：EP98903225.0
申请日：1998-02-27
发明人： DEN BROEDER, Friedrich, Johannes, Ary , HANZEN, Ralph, Maria, Nicolaas , DUINE, Peter, Alexander , JUNGBLUT, Reinerd, Maria , DRAIJER, Cornelis , ROOZEBOOM, Freddy , VAN DER SLUIS, Paul
CPC分类号： G02F1/17 , G02F1/0147 , G02F1/1523 , G02F2202/34
摘要： A description is given of an optical switching device (1) comprising a transparent substrate (3), a switching film (5) of a hydride compound of a trivalent tansition or rare earth metal having a thickness of 300 nm, and a palladium capping layer (7) having a thickness of 30 nm. The capping layer is in contact with hydrogen. An electric current through the switching film (5) can be switched on and off between the terminals (9, 11). Joule heating of the switching film (5) causes a rapid transition from the transparent trihydride state to the absorbing dihydride state. By switching off the current, the switching film (5) cools down, which results in the formation of the absorbing dihydride state. The conversion between both sates is reversible and can be repeated many times. The device can be used for controlling light beams, or it can be used in or for a display. Optionally, cooling of the switching film (5) is obtained with a Peltier element in thermal contact with the switching film (5).
摘要翻译： 说明包括透明基板（3），厚度为300nm的三价稀有金属氢化物化合物或稀土金属的开关膜（5）和钯盖层（5）的光开关装置（1） （7）具有30nm的厚度。 封盖层与氢接触。 通过开关薄膜（5）的电流可以在端子（9,11）之间接通和断开。 开关膜（5）的焦耳加热引起从透明三氢化物状态到吸收二氢化物状态的快速转换。 通过切断电流，开关薄膜（5）冷却下来，这导致形成吸收二氢化物状态。 两种状态之间的转换是可逆的，可以重复多次。 该设备可用于控制光束，或可用于或用于显示器。 可选地，利用与切换膜（5）热接触的珀耳帖元件获得切换膜（5）的冷却。
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公开(公告)号：EP0898731A1
公开(公告)日：1999-03-03
申请号：EP97913384.0
申请日：1997-12-08
CPC分类号： H01L21/67115
摘要： A description is given of a furnace (1) for Rapid Thermal Processing of a wafer (7), in which furnace the wafer (7) is heated by lamps (9), and the heat radiation is reflected by an optical switching device (15, 17) which is in the reflecting state during the heating stage. During the cooling stage of the wafer (7), the heat is absorbed by the switching device (15, 17), which is in the heat-absorbing state. The switching device comprises a switching film of a trivalent metal, such as gadolinium, which is capable of forming hybrides by an exchange of hydrogen. Dependent on the hydrogen concentration of the hybrides, the film reflects or absorbs heat. The hydrogen content in the switching film can be changed by varying the partial pressure of hydrogen, or, preferably, by varying the potential of the switching film forming part of a stack of layers in an electrochemical cell.
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