摘要:
A method and system is described for conducting wireless communications, such as the transmission of voice and data in a code division multiple access (CDMA) wireless telecommunications systems. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a base station (12) transmits voice information at voice transmit power and data at a data transmit power that is equal to a maximum transmit power minus the voice transmit power. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each base station (12) reports the voice transmit power to a base station controller (14) in 20 ms intervals. The base station controller (14) responds by calculating an available data transmit capacity, and by forwarding data to each base station (12) equal to the available data transmit capacity. Each base station (12) then transmits all voice data at the current voice transmit power, and data at the current data transmission power. If the amount of data received exceeds the capacity provided by the current data transmission power, some data is not transmitted. The base station (12) then notifies the base station controller (14) if data was not transmitted, and the base station controller attempts to retransmit the data at a later time.
摘要:
Apparatus and method for determining when a vehicle (108) has arrived or departed from a planned or an unplanned stop, while minimizing or completely eliminating driver intervention. The apparatus comprises a mobile communication terminal (202) located onboard a vehicle (108) for receiving destination information, generally using wireless means, from a central facility or hub (104). A speedometer (210) also located onboard the vehicle (108) determines the speed of the vehicle and a position sensor (212) onboard the vehicle (108) determines the vehicle position. The vehicle speed and position are provided to a processor (206), also located onboard the vehicle (108), which uses the speed and position information to determine a vehicle arrival or departure from a planned or unplanned stop. The processor (206) generates an indication of the event, either arrival or departure, directly to the central facility (104), to the vehicle operator, or both.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for time division duplex (TDD) repeating a spread spectrum signal, said spread spectrum signal comprised of a series of code symbol modulated with a pseudonoise (PN) sequecne. The TDD repeater receives intermittently the spread spectrum signal at a location remote from a source supplying the spread spectrum signal. The TDD repeater amplifies and delays the received spread spectrum signal by a predetermined amount. The TDD repeater transmits intermittently the delayed amplified received spread spectrum signal such that the TDD is not receiving the spread spectrum signal when it is transmitting the signal energy.
摘要:
A linear coverage area antenna system for use within a CDMA communication system is disclosed herein. In a preferred implementation, two linear coverage area antenna structures (210', 212') are positioned in parallel and coupled to a base station (200'). Within the base station (200'), a transmitter (220') generates remote user directed spread spectrum signals, these signals being provided to the first and second linear coverage area antenna structures (210', 212') through an antenna interface. The antenna interface includes a time delay element (292) for introducing a predetermined time delay between components of the remote user directed spread spectrum signals transmitted by the first and second linear coverage area antenna structures (210', 212'), respectively. The base station (220') also further includes at least a first demodulation element (510A) for demodulating an aggregate spread spectrum signal comprised of a plurality of system user directed spread spectrum signals received by the first linear coverage area antenna structure (210') and a second demodulation element (515A) for demodulating a second aggregate spread spectrum signal comprised of a plurality of system user directed spread spectrum signals received by the second linear coverage area antenna structure (212').
摘要:
In some aspects, each cell in the communications system can be designed to operate in accordance with a set of back-off factors that identify the reductions in peak transmit power levels for the channels associated with the back-off factors. The back-off factors are defined to provide the required power to a large percentage of the users while reducing the amount of interference. In some other aspects, the cells operate using an adaptive reuse scheme that allows the cells to efficiently allocate and reallocate the system resources to reflect changes in the system. A reuse scheme is initially defined and resources are allocated to the cells. During operation, changes in the operating conditions of the system are detected and the reuse scheme is redefined as necessary based on the detected changes. For example, the loading conditions of the cells can be detected, and the resources can be reallocated and/or the reuse scheme can be redefined. In yet other aspects, techniques are provided to efficiency schedule data transmissions and to assign channels to users. Data transmissions can be scheduled based on user priorities, some fairness criteria, system requirements, and other factors. Users are assigned to available channels based on a number of channel assignment schemes. Channel metrics are also provided, which can be used to prioritize users and for channel assignments.
摘要:
The information signals are transferred to end users, customers, or service subscribers (116, 118) using at least two signal sources, generally satellites (104, 106), and polarized radiation. Two polarization modes are employed, with the preferred modes being left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized radiation, although other polarization modes may be employed. The total number of channels can be divided among the polarization modes and transferred to end users either through the use of polarization switching in the receivers (522) to selectively switch between the satellites, or by switching elements in the satellites (sources) to switch between polarization modes used for transmission.
摘要:
A detector (36) is used to sample of set of power measurements of a receive signal. The receive signal may comprise one or more signals from remote users as well as interference. A variance of the set of power measurements is also determined. The variance is compared to an overload threshold value. If the variance exceeds the overload threshold value, for some period of time, the system is declared to be operating at a potentially unstable point. In this state, future connection originations are denied.
摘要:
Prior to transmission from the base station, a signal combining method for a CDMA system combines individual frequency channels (f1, f2, f3, f4) into sets of frequency channels such that no two frequency channels in any one set are adjacent in frequency. A dual diversity reception and transmit signal combining system includes two or more signal combiners (34, 36) each coupled to a respective set of frequency channels in which no two frequency channels are adjacent. Two or more duplexors (62, 64) are each coupled to a respective signal combiner. An antenna (38) is connected to each duplexor (62, 64), and two or more splitters (56, 58) are each coupled to a respective duplexor. The respective signal combiners and duplexors can be integrated into single devices.
摘要:
A novel and improved method for implementing a high-transmission-rate over-the-air interface is described. A transmit system provides an in-phase channel set (90) and a quadrature-phase channel set (92). The in-phase channel set (90) is used to provide a complete set of orthogonal medium rate control and traffic channels. The quadrature-phase channel (92) set is used to provide a high-rate supplemental channel and an extended set of medium rate channels that are orthogonal to each other and the original medium rate channels. The high-rate supplemental channel is generated over a set of medium rate channels using a short channel code. The medium rate channel are generated using a set of long channel codes.
摘要:
An apparatus that automatically adjusts the adaptation block size for a least-mean square (LMS) adaptive filter depending on the input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is disclosed. The apparatus monitors the instantaneous SNR (22) and continually adjusts the block size (20, 26) to provide high noise immunity, thereby increasing the convergence speed of the filter and decreasing the asymptotic mean-square error. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is presented in the context of acoustic echo cancellation, though it is noted that the adaptive filter of the present invention is useful in any environment in which the noise characteristics are subject to change.