摘要:
A method and a device for determining a physiological state of a test subject is presented. In the method, a first VOC pattern is determined from a first test medium and a second VOC pattern is determined from a second test medium. The first VOC pattern has a first group of VOCs and includes one or more VOCs detected in the first test medium and their respective concentrations. The second VOC pattern has a second group of VOCs and includes one or more VOCs detected in the second test medium and their respective concentrations. Subsequently, the first and the second VOC patterns are combined to obtain a VOCome pattern. Finally, the VOCome pattern is compared to a reference pattern. The reference pattern comprises a collection of different VOCs and concentrations of each of the different VOCs and represents a predicted known physiological state of the test subject.
摘要:
The invention relates to an electrochemical gas sensor, in which to simplify the construction an active electrode is made from a base material such as platinum with a catalytic top layer. The top layer permits the catalytic reaction of gases and thermally and chemically stable catalysts such as SCR or NOX storage catalysts or zeoliths are used as the top layer.
摘要:
The invention relates to a flow apparatus (1) for a spectrometer system, comprising a first optics element (2) that is optically coupleable to a spectrometer (4) and comprising a second optics element (3) that is optically coupleable to a light source (5), which are arranged at a distance from one another in the region of a measurement gap (6) through which a liquid (8) can flow, in the region of which a light beam (7) emerging from the second optics element (3) and reaching into the first optics element (2) is at least partly absorbable, wherein a through-flow amount of the liquid (8) through the measurement gap (6) is influenceable by a change in the distance (10) between the two optics elements (2, 3) in order to be able to use the spectrometer system with a multiplicity of different samples. The invention also relates to a method for operating such a flow apparatus (1).
摘要:
The invention relates to a gas sensor which is used to detect ammonia by detecting and evaluating conductivity variations on semi-conductive metal oxides, comprising: a substrate, a gas sensitive layer made of a semi-conducitve metal oxide, a catalytic filter which is disposed in front of the metal oxide, said filter being used to convert ammonia, contained in the measuring gas, into a NO/NO2 mixture or to only NO2, measuring electrodes which are arranged on the surface of the substrate in order to detect conductivity variations in the semi-conductive metal oxide which is at least sensitive to NO/NO2, a controllable electric heating device which is used to adjust predetermined temperatures at least for the semi-conductive metal oxide, whereby the formed NO/NO2 can be guided to the metal oxide and the content of ammonia in the measuring gas can be determined from the NO/NO2-measurement by means of the semi-conductive metal oxide.
摘要:
In the determination of chemical and/or physical properties of working substances in a machine system (2), particularly in a floating device, wherein the working substance is irradiated with light and light penetrating the working substance or reflected by the working substance is spectrally analyzed, according to the invention the working substance has at least one temperature from a predetermined temperature range, preferably a precisely predetermined temperature, during the irradiation. In this way, consistent overall conditions for the spectral analysis can be ensured at all times, even if ambient temperatures change, such as those which may exist in the case of floating devices, and as a result the accuracy of the analysis can be improved.
摘要:
The invention relates to a biogas plant, wherein state monitoring of the state of production is performed. The state monitoring is based on examining the fermenter content for gram-positive and possibly gram-negative bacteria. The amount of gram-positive bacteria or the ratio of gram-positive to gram-negative bacteria can be used as an indicator of over-acidification of the content.
摘要:
The invention specifies a micromechanical substrate which has at least two separate single-crystal silicon layers and which has a diaphragm in a partial region, wherein the thickness of the diaphragm is less than 20 μm and wherein the diaphragm comprises part of a first of the single-crystal silicon layers, furthermore having a heating element, which is configured to generate a temperature of more than 650°C in at least part of the diaphragm, and also having at least one diffusion barrier layer for reducing the oxidation of the first single-crystal silicon layer.