摘要:
A process for ammonia-urea production where: liquid ammonia produced in an ammonia section is fed to a urea section directly at the ammonia synthesis pressure, and where the liquid ammonia is purified at high pressure with the steps of: cooling the liquid ammonia (20) obtaining a cooled liquid ammonia stream (21), separating a gaseous fraction (22) comprising hydrogen and nitrogen from said cooled liquid ammonia, obtaining purified liquid ammonia (23) at a high pressure, and reheating said purified liquid ammonia (23) after separation of said gaseous fraction, obtaining a reheated purified ammonia (24) having a temperature suitable for feeding to the urea synthesis process. The application also deals with an ammonia-urea plant comprising an ammonia cooler, a liquid-gas separator and an ammonia re-heater and with a method for revamping existing ammonia-urea plants.
摘要:
A process for production of a granular urea product in a fluidized-bed where: small droplets (10) of fresh urea melt are contacted with a cooling medium to form solid particles, said solid particles (11) are contacted with droplets of urea melt (12) which are larger than said germ particles, the solid particles and said droplets forming together larger solid particles (13), and said solid particles further increasing their size step by step and upon contact with droplets of urea melt, until the solid particles reaches a given size, and said solid particles are then subject to a further growing process by contact with liquid droplets now smaller than the solid particles, until a desired size of the granular product is reached.
摘要:
A process for urea production from ammonia and carbon dioxide, made to react at a predetermined high pressure in an appropriate synthesis reactor (112), from the reaction between NH3 and C02 being obtained a reaction mixture comprising urea, ammonium carbamate and free ammonia in aqueous solution, from which a recovery of ammonium carbamate and ammonia is carried out with their subsequent recycle to the synthesis reactor (112), said recovery from the reaction mixture taking place through operative steps of decomposition of the ammonium carbamate into NH3 and CO2 and of their stripping and a subsequent operative step of their recondensation into ammonium carbamate that is recycled to the synthesis reactor, the said reaction mixture obtained from the reaction between ammonia and carbon dioxide being pumped to the operative steps of decomposition and stripping.
摘要:
The present invention concerns process for obtaining melamine at high purity characterized by comprising the steps of : - quenching a melamine melt, deprived of off-gases of the melamine synthesis and containing melamine impurities such as ammeline, ammelide and polycondensates, with an aqueous solution comprising ammonia under conditions such to substantially convert polycondensates into melamine, obtaining a melamine solution substantially free of polycondensates, recovering melamine from said melamine solution by melamine crystallisation, obtaining melamine crystals and a melamine crystallization mother liquor, - treating said crystallization melamine mother liquor under conditions such to convert at least a portion of its ammeline content into ammelide and melammine, obtaining a treated mother liquid having at least a reduced ammeline content. The invention also concerns a high-pressure non-catalytic plant for the production of high-purity melamine implementing the above process and apparatuses suitable to be used in this plant.
摘要:
A process for high-pressure, liquid phase conversion of urea into melamine is disclosed, where molten urea is fed to a first reaction zone (S1 ) where the melamine melt is under mechanical agitation, and a heat input (Q1 ) is provided to maintain the endothermic reaction, and the liquid is then passed to a second reaction zone (S2) kept at a lower temperature and where further agitation is provided. Embodiments of plants adapted to carry out the process are also disclosed, including multiple stirred reactors in cascade and a single reactor with multiple internal compartments defining said first and second reaction zones.
摘要:
A fluid bed granulation process and apparatus, wherein a suitable fluid bed of a particulate material is maintained in a granulator (1) fed by an input flow (F) comprising a growth liquid (L) and by a flow (S1) of seeds adapted to promote the granulation, and wherein a part (F2) of said input flow (F) is taken upstream the feeding of the fluid bed, and used in a seeds generator (33), to produce the seeds for the fluid bed.
摘要:
A vibrating and rotating prilling bucket (15) for granulation of a fluid substance (U), said bucket (15) comprising a perforated side wall (15a) and vibrating devices (51, 52) arranged to deliver a force with constant direction (A-A). In a preferred embodiment, the vibrating unit comprise two counter-rotating vibrators delivering rotating forces which balance each other perpendicularly to said constant direction (A-A).
摘要:
In a method for preparing granules containing filamentary fungi, a filamentary fungi culture is mixed with at least one modified starch and a starchy flour, then fillers and possible nutrients are added to the obtained product, obtaining a paste that is subsequently subjected to granulation and drying.
摘要:
A metod for the removal of nitrogen oxides contained in combustion flue gas through treatment with gaseous ammonia, in which the gaseous ammonia is generated in situ by hydrolysis reaction of an aqueous urea solution (L4) whereby the ammonia generated by the) hydrolysis (L5) is accumulated in gaseous state, under pressure, in an accumulator (A5).