摘要:
An apparatus for steam reforming of hydrocarbons is described comprising a steam reformer containing a plurality of externally- heated vertical tubes (17) each tube having an inlet for a feed gas mixture comprising hydrocarbon and steam, and an outlet for a reformed gas mixture, wherein the tubes contain a particulate steam reforming catalyst (18) adjacent the outlet and a structured steam reforming catalyst (19) adjacent the inlet. A process for steam reforming of hydrocarbons using said apparatus is also described.
摘要:
A gas-liquid contactor baffle includes a body having a first portion, a second portion and a middle portion, the middle portion being positioned between the first portion and the second portion. The middle portion is a corrugated sheet having a first face and a second face. The corrugated sheet has alternating ridges and open ended channels extending across each of the first face and the second face between the first portion and the second portion. The first portion has a first collection channel adapted to collect liquids from the open ended channels of the middle portion when flow is along the first face in a first direction. The second portion having a second collection channel adapted to collect liquids from the open ended channels of the middle portion when flow is along second face in a second direction.
摘要:
A method and a reactor made by a method for increasing heat transfer from a heat source outside a vessel to the fluid inside the vessel are characterized by expanding a structure within the vessel toward the inner vessel surface so as to decrease the spacing between the structure and the vessel wall. The structure may be any of the various so-called structured packings, for example, ceramic honeycombs, metal honeycombs, plate stacks, and the like. The structure may comprise catalyst. The reactor provides high activity, low pressure drop, and high heat transfer. The reactor may be especially suitable for steam hydrocarbon reforming.
摘要:
There is provided a liquid-gas contact device which has a liquid distributor (2) provided in the upper portion of the device, a liquid collector (3) provided in the lower portion of the device and an internal structure between the liquid distributor (2) and the liquid collector (3) which defines a plurality of flow paths. The liquid-gas-contact device includes a column packing (5) constituting the internal structure made of a plurality of column packing constituting elements (6) each of which extends vertically in parallel to each other in a non-contact state and in a non-contact state with an inner wall of the device, a plurality of adaptors (4) connecting the liquid distributor (2) with the column packing (5) for supplying liquid from the liquid distributor (2) to the column packing (5), and a plurality of collectors (7) connecting the column packing (5) with the liquid collector (3) for supplying liquid from the column packing (5) to the liquid collector (3)
摘要:
The performance of structured packing comprising a plurality of corrugated plates (20) disposed in vertically parallel relation, each plate (20) having at least one aperture (28) and a plurality of regularly spaced and substantially parallel corrugations disposed in crisscrossing relation to the corrugations of an adjacent plate (20) is optimized by having a surface area density in the range of 350 to 800 m 2 /m 3 , preferably 500 to 675 m 2 /m 3 ; aperture equivalent diameters of less than 4 millimetres but greater than 2 millimetres; a corrugation angle (α) relative to horizontal in the range of 35° to 65°, preferably 40° to 60°; and an included angle (β) defined by two sides of the corrugation in the range of 80° to 110°, preferably 90° to 100°. The structured packing is used in exchange columns for exchanging heat and/or mass between a first phase and a second phase in processes such as cryogenic air separation.
摘要翻译:结构化填料的性能包括以垂直平行关系布置的多个波纹板(20),每个板(20)具有至少一个孔(28)和多个规则间隔且基本上平行的波纹,波纹与波纹 通过具有350-800m 2 / m 3,优选500-675m 2 / m 3范围内的表面积密度来优化相邻板(20) 孔径当量直径小于4毫米但大于2毫米; 相对于水平方向的波纹角度(α)在35°至65°,优选40°至60°的范围内; 和由波纹的两侧在80°至110°,优选90°至100°范围内限定的夹角(β)。 结构化填料用于交换塔中以在诸如低温空气分离的过程中在第一阶段和第二阶段之间交换热量和/或质量。
摘要:
Support plates for packing materials in mass transfer towers made using parallel beams (1, 2) with generally inverted U-shaped cross sections which contact one another along a line running the length of the beams (1, 2), are provided with a trough member (4) supported directly under the contact line between adjacent beams (1, 2).
摘要:
A process for effecting mass transfer between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase in a filled-type column comprising an external shell (2) which accommodates at least one filler (4) containing basket (3) wherethrough the phases are caused to flow in countercurrent relationship, advantageously comprises the step of feeding the gaseous phase (6) to the at least one basket through a gas-permeable surface thereof which is larger than the basket cross-section, preferably in a prevailing radial flow direction.