摘要:
A high frequency power supply system provides highly regulated power and frequency to a workpiece load where the highly regulated power and frequency can be independent of the workpiece load characteristics by inverter switching control and an inverter output impedance adjusting and frequency control network that can include precision variable reactors with a geometrically-shaped moveable insert core section and a stationary split-bus section with a complementary geometrically-shaped split bus section and split electric terminal bus section where the insert core section can be moved relative to the stationary split-bus section to vary the inductance of the variable reactors.
摘要:
A high-strength high-toughness electric-resistance-welded steel pipe having high resistance to post-weld heat treatment is provided. A hot-rolled steel plate serving as a material is subjected to roll forming so as to have a generally circular cross section and is subjected to electric resistance welding to form an electric-resistance-welded steel pipe. The electric-resistance-welded portion of the electric-resistance-welded steel pipe is then subjected to in-line heat treatment. The electric-resistance-welded steel pipe is then subjected to reducing rolling such that the circularity of an end portion of the steel pipe is 0.6% or less. The hot-rolled steel plate serving as a material has a composition containing C: 0.01% to 0.12%, Si: 0.05% to 0.50%, Mn: 1.0% to 2.2%, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.005% or less, Al: 0.001% to 0.10%, N: 0.006% or less, Nb: 0.010% to 0.100%, and Ti: 0.001% to 0.050% and has a structure composed of 90% or more by volume of a bainitic ferrite phase as a main phase and 10% or less (including 0%) by volume of a second phase, the bainitic ferrite phase having an average grain size of 10 µm or less, the structure containing fine Nb precipitates having a particle size of less than 20 nm dispersed in a base material portion, the ratio (%) of the fine Nb precipitates to the total amount of Nb being more than 75% on a Nb equivalent basis. A thick-walled electric-resistance-welded steel pipe thus manufactured can have high strength and toughness and high resistance to post-weld heat treatment and is less likely to be broken while placed as a deep-well conductor casing.
摘要:
A steel strip for an electric-resistance-welded steel pipe or tube having a strength of X70 grade or more and excellent HIC resistance and SSC resistance is provided. A steel strip for an electric-resistance-welded steel pipe or tube has a chemical composition containing, in mass%: C: 0.02% to 0.06%; Si: 0.1% to 0.3%; Mn: 0.8% to 1.3%; P: 0.01% or less; S: 0.001% or less; V: 0.04% to 0.07%; Nb: 0.04% to 0.07%; Ti: 0.01% to 0.04%; Cu: 0.1% to 0.3%; Ni: 0.1% to 0.3%; Ca: 0.001% to 0.005%; Al: 0.01% to 0.07%; and N: 0.007% or less, with a balance being Fe and incidental impurities, contents of C, Nb, V, and Ti satisfying the following Expression (1) C − 12 Nb / 92.9 + V / 50.9 + Ti / 47.9 ≤ 0.03 % wherein a ferrite area ratio is 90% or more.
摘要:
An electric resistance welded steel pipe which has sufficient strength and low-temperature toughness and a low yield ratio and which is suitable as a line pipe to be laid in depths of the sea, characterized in that: the composition of the base material contains, in mass%, 0.05 to 0.10% of C, 1.00 to 1.60% of Mn, and 0.005 to less than 0.035% of Nb, and has a Ceq value of 0.23 to 0.38; and the metal microstructure of the base material contains 3 to 13% of martensite in area fraction with the balance being ferrite.
摘要:
There is provided a high-strength thick-walled electric resistance welded steel pipe having excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent HIC resistance and having a yield strength of 400 MPa or more. Steel is heated to and held at a temperature in the range of 1200°C to 1280°C. The steel has a chemical composition consisting of C: 0.025% to 0.084%, Si: 0.10% to 0.30%, Mn: 0.70% to 1.80%, controlled amounts of P, S, Al, N, and O, Nb: 0.001% to 0.065%, V: 0.001% to 0.065%, Ti: 0.001% to 0.033%, and Ca: 0.0001% to 0.0035% on a mass percent basis and the remainder being Fe and incidental impurities, and satisfies Pcm of 0.20 or less. The steel is hot-rolled at a rolling reduction of 20% or more in an unrecrystallization temperature range. After the completion of the hot-rolling, the steel is cooled to a finish cooling temperature of 630°C or less at a cooling rate in the range of 7°C/s to 49°C/s and is coiled at 400°C or more and less than 600°C to form a hot-rolled steel strip. The hot-rolled steel strip is subjected to roll-forming and electric resistance welding to produce an electric resistance welded steel pipe. The welded portion of the electric resistance welded steel pipe is then subjected to a heat treatment in which the welded portion is heated to a temperature in the range of 800°C to 1150°C over the total wall thickness and is then cooled to 630°C or less at an average cooling rate in the range of 7°C/s to 49°C/s. The base steel portion and the electric resistance welded portion of the resulting high-strength thick-walled electric resistance welded steel pipe have excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent HIC resistance.
摘要:
There is provided a high-strength thick-walled electric resistance welded steel pipe having excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent HIC resistance and having a yield strength of 400 MPa or more. Steel is heated to and held at a temperature in the range of 1200°C to 1280°C. The steel has a chemical composition consisting of C: 0.025% to 0.084%, Si: 0.10% to 0.30%, Mn: 0.70% to 1.80%, controlled amounts of P, S, Al, N, and O, Nb: 0.001% to 0.065%, V: 0.001% to 0.065%, Ti: 0.001% to 0.033%, and Ca: 0.0001% to 0.0035% on a mass percent basis and the remainder being Fe and incidental impurities, and satisfies Pcm of 0.20 or less. The steel is hot-rolled at a rolling reduction of 20% or more in an unrecrystallization temperature range. After the completion of the hot-rolling, the steel is cooled to a finish cooling temperature of 630°C or less at a cooling rate in the range of 7°C/s to 49°C/s and is coiled at 400°C or more and less than 600°C to form a hot-rolled steel strip. The hot-rolled steel strip is subjected to roll-forming and electric resistance welding to produce an electric resistance welded steel pipe. The welded portion of the electric resistance welded steel pipe is then subjected to a heat treatment in which the welded portion is heated to a temperature in the range of 800°C to 1150°C over the total wall thickness and is then cooled to 630°C or less at an average cooling rate in the range of 7°C/s to 49°C/s. The base steel portion and the electric resistance welded portion of the resulting high-strength thick-walled electric resistance welded steel pipe have excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent HIC resistance.
摘要:
An apparatus for in-line ERW welding of hollow flange steel members in a cold forming mill comprises a seam roll stand (60) rotatably supporting at least one seam roll (68) adapted in use to guide a free edge (34a,34b) of a contoured metal strip (30) into linear alignment with a predetermined weld axis spaced from said free edge on a surface of the metal strip. The apparatus also includes a weld box stand (61) supporting at least one pair of squeeze rolls (84a,84b), in use, adapted to urge the free edge (34a,34b) when heated to a predetermined temperature into fused engagement with a correspondingly heated weld axis on the surface of the strip (30). The squeeze rolls (84a,84b) co-operate to guide the free edge through a predetermined linear trajectory substantially along an incidence axis of a subsequent weld junction between the free edge (34a,34b) and the surface of the metal strip (30) whereby energy imparted to the cold formed member is focussed by a proximity effect along the predetermined weld axis.