摘要:
A modular liquid waste treatment system is disclosed. In accordance with some embodiments, the system includes a central distribution unit and one or more treatment fins in flow communication therewith. The distribution unit may be configured to receive liquid waste from a given source and distribute that waste, at least in part, to one or more treatment fins. In turn, bacteria present in a given treatment fin treat the liquid waste, and the resultant treated liquid may drain from the fin to the surrounding environment. In some embodiments, a given treatment fin may include porous media providing a large surface area on which bacteria may grow to facilitate treatment. The system may be installed in and/or above the ground, and in some cases may be surrounded, at least in part, with treatment sand and/or other treatment media. The system may be used in aerobic and/or anaerobic processing of liquid waste.
摘要:
The invention relates to a laminar biocarrier made by weaving or interlacing yarns of lignocellulosic material, which supports and immobilizes a consortium of wood-decay fungi, in particular strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, for the treatment of wastewater contaminated by colourants, heavy metals, chemical oxygen demand and biological oxygen demand. The invention also relates to a method for producing the inoculated laminar biocarrier and to the use thereof as a filter for reactors of different configurations for the treatment of waste effluents.
摘要:
A process for treating sulphate containing effluent, which includes receiving a sulphide containing effluent into a two-phase fluidised bed reactor containing particles and floating media, permitting calcium carbonate from the effluent to precipitate on particles in the first fluidised bed reactor, aerating the solution in the reactor to remove CO2 from the solution, thereby to increase the pH in the reactor, permitting biological sulphide oxidation to occur on the floating media by means of sulphide oxidizing bacteria thereby to produce elemental sulphur, recycling the fluidised bed reactor at a sufficient rate to effect abrasion to remove elemental sulphur from the floating media, harvesting the sulphur from a top portion of the reactor, recycling hydroxyl ions internally in solution in to enhance calcium carbonate precipitation by further increasing the pH.
摘要:
A method for clarification of wastewater that operates at least two alternating and equal process cycles in two or more clarifiers (1a, 1b), each process cycle consisting of a feed period with concurrent feeding and discharging and a reset period in which excess sludge is removed into a thickener (2a, 2b) and the remaining sludge blanket gets homogenized and pre-settled, wherein at each point of time in at least one clarifier (1a, 1b) the feed period is performed.
摘要:
A bioreactor has a biofilm supporting bed 20 with at least two types of media. An upper media is relatively porous, preferably porous enough to admit particles of a lower media. In use, wastewater 18 flows downwards through the bed. Soluble nitrogen is reduced in the upper media and converted into nitrogen gas. Nitrogen gas bubbles rise through the upper media and escape from the bed. Selenium is reduced in the lower media and converted into elemental selenium. The elemental selenium is released periodically by backwashing the bed, which may cause fluidization or other expansion of the lower media into the upper media.
摘要:
A treatment process for municipal, commercial, industrial, and institutional fluids containing one or more substances at a first concentration includes a contactor, an aerator, and a separator. The fluid is mixed with a powdered natural lignocellulosic material ("PNLM"), a microbial growth inoculum, and at least a portion of the fluid in the contactor to provide a mixture that includes an established, acclimated microbial growth in the fluid. The mixture is introduced to an aerator where physical binding and chemical bonding of at least some of the one or more substances to the PNLM additionally physiological uptake by microbial growth in a biosludge reduces the concentration of at least some of the one or more substances in the fluid discharged from the aerator to a second concentration. The biosludge is separated to recover at least a portion of the PNLM that is recycled to the contactor.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the solid/liquid separation of suspensions containing microalgae, wherein biodegradable materials are used as a filter material. The method comprises the following steps: First, a filter layer made of organic material is introduced into a filter device. Then at least one application of the suspension to be separated to the filter layer is performed, wherein the solid constituents of the suspension are deposited on the filter layer and the liquid constituent passes through the filter layer as filtrate. The solid constituents of the suspension comprise microalgae, wherein subsequently the filter material and the microalgae are hydrolyzed by microorganisms naturally contained in the filter material or added separately. For the hydrolysis, it is important that the filter layer be kept moist in order to prevent the microalgae from drying out. In addition, valuable substances (dyes, lipids, proteins) can be extracted from the filtrate. The filtrate can also be used to produce biogas in a methane reactor. The filter material that is not biodegradable or is difficult to biodegrade can be used as organic compost. The waste liquor from the methane reactor can be used again for microalgae cultivation after decontamination.