摘要:
Das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung dienen zur Erzeugung von Floatglas. Ein Glasrohstoff (211) wird mittels einem oder mehreren Brennern (210) geschmolzen. Die dabei gewonnene Glasschmelze (212) wird in eine Floatglaswanne (220) eingeleitet. Ein erstes Gasgemisch (112), das Stickstoff (110) und Wasserstoff (111) enthält, wird zur Bildung einer Inertschicht über der eingeleiteten Glasschmelze in die Floatglaswanne (220) eingeleitet. Der oder die Brenner (210) werden mit einem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas und einem Brennstoff (213) betrieben. Als sauerstoffhaltiges Gas wird ein zweites Gasgemisch (122) eingesetzt, das mindestens 35 % Sauerstoff enthält.
摘要:
A method for removing oxygen from molten tin in the float bath chamber of a float glass manufacturing process is provided. The method includes providing a chamber having within it molten metal and a gaseous atmosphere above the molten metal, providing at least one reducing gas container proximate the interface between the molten metal and the gaseous atmosphere, providing a source of a reducing gas, and directing the reducing gas to the at least one container. In the at least one container, the reducing gas reacts with the oxygen in the molten metal. The method may include removing a vapor/particulate stream from the float bath chamber. The method may also include removing the vapor and/or the particulate from the stream. An apparatus for removing oxygen from the molten tin is also provided.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for conditioning at least one partial area of a cooling process, wherein at least one moulded body moulded in a moulding process, preferably from a melt, is cooled during a cooling process according to a predefined or predefinable temperature profile, wherein thermally caused mechanical tensions are kept to a minimum in the moulded body. The inventive method comprises the following steps: at least one conditioning gas is conducted via at least one surface of the moulded body, which is corrodable in the presence of water, at least during one part of the cooling process; b) the absolute water content in the conditioning gas is adjusted to a range of at most 6 g water in 1 kg of conditioning drying gas, at least when the conditioning gas enters the cooling process area and/or when the conditioning gas hits the surface of the moulded body. Preferably, the moulded body comprises steel or glass.
摘要:
A top roller, which is difficult for a flow path for cooling water to be narrowed or clogged therein, and which is capable of properly working for a long period of time, is provided. A top roller comprising a rotatable leading edge portion, which is adapted to be used for controlling the shrinkage of a molten glass ribbon in a float bath and to be brought into contact with the molten glass ribbon, the leading edge portion having a hollow structure including a leading edge space therein; wherein cooling water having a hardness of at most 100 (mg/L) passes through the leading edge space.
摘要:
To provide a glass substrate which has a high glass transition temperature, which has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of soda lime glass, which has a low specific gravity, which will hardly undergo yellowing, and which further has good melting characters and is thereby produced with high productivity. A glass substrate which has a composition comprising, as represented by mass percentage based on oxides,
SiO 2 55 to 65%,
Al 2 O 3 4 to 8%,
MgO 6 to 9%,
CaO 0.1 to 5%,
SrO 0.5 to 6%,
BaO 0 to 2%,
MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO 6.6 to 19%,
Na 2 O 0 to 5%,
K 2 O 9.5 to 21%,
Na 2 O+K 2 O 10 to 22%,
ZrO 2 0.5 to 5%,
Fe 2 O 3 0.06 to 0.15%,
which has a specific gravity of at most 2.7, which has an average thermal expansion coefficient from 50 to 350°C of from 80×10 -7 °C to 90×10 -7 /°C, which has a glass transition temperature of at least 640°C, and wherein when the viscosity is η, the temperature at which logη=2 is satisfied is at most 1,550°C, and the yellow coloring b* on the glass surface is at most 8.
摘要翻译:为了提供玻璃化转变温度高的玻璃化转变温度,该玻璃基板的热膨胀系数接近钠钙玻璃的热膨胀系数,该玻璃化转变温度比较低,难以发生变黄,并且还具有良好的熔融特性 生产效率高。 一种玻璃基板,其具有以氧化物的质量百分数表示的组成,SiO 2 55〜65%,Al 2 O 3 4〜8%,MgO 6〜9%,CaO 0.1〜5%,SrO 0.5〜6 %,BaO 0〜2%,MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO 6.6〜19%,Na 2 O 0〜5%,K 2 O 9.5〜21%,Na 2 O + K 2 O 10〜22% 0.5〜5%,比重为2.7以下的Fe 2 O 3为0.06〜0.15%,平均热膨胀系数为50〜350℃,为80×10 -7〜90×10 -7 /℃,玻璃化转变温度至少为640℃,当粘度为·时,满足log·= 2的温度为1550℃以下,黄色着色b * 玻璃表面最多为8个。
摘要:
A method for making flat glass with a high lead oxide content by means of a continuous float glass process performed in a float glass facility in a neutral gas atmosphere to give a glass containing at least 30 wt % of iron oxide on a bath of a molten metal having a density greater than that of the glass. Flat glass having a high lead oxide content for X-ray protection can thus be produced.
摘要:
A method of the present invention for producing glass sheets includes the steps of: (I) forming a molten glass raw material into a glass ribbon on a molten metal; and (II) bringing an acid gas that contains a fluorine element (F)-containing acid and in which a volume ratio of water vapor to the acid (a volume of the water vapor/a volume of the acid) is 0 or more and 30 or less, into contact with a surface of the glass ribbon on the molten metal so as to subject the surface of the glass ribbon to dealkalization and control a morphology of the surface in accordance with the volume ratio.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for preventing surface deposition and/or crater-shaped hole defects during the production of floating flat glass. Said method consists of producing a glass melt, purifying said melt and floating said purified melt on the surface of the liquid metal under an inert gas atmosphere. Said method is characterised in that it i) defines the hydrogen content in the inert gas to a maximum of 7 Vol. % and ii) adjusts the oxygen partial pressure in the floating gas melt a) by means of a metal, whereby the reaction enthalpy for the oxidation ΔG° (Me /MexOy7) is > -575,8 + 0.21 T[K] or b) by means of a metal whereby the reaction enthalpy for the oxidation ΔG° (Me /MexOy) is
摘要:
A method for reducing the defect density of glass comprising melting a glass composition comprising from 65-75 wt.% of SiO2; from 10-20 wt.% of Na2O; from 5-15 wt.% of CaO; from 0-5 wt.% of MgO; from 0-5 wt.% of Al2O3; from 0-5 wt.% of K2O; from 0-2 wt.% Fe2O3; and from 0-2 % FeO, wherein the glass composition has a total field strength index of greater than or equal to 1.23 is disclosed.
摘要:
A cryogenic air separation plant or a combined pressure swing adsorption plant and membrane separation plant is integrated with a float glass manufacturing system wherein oxygen from the plant is used for oxy-fuel combustion in the melt furnace and nitrogen from the plant is used as a protective atmosphere in the float glass forming chamber.