摘要:
In a method for detecting the operational readiness of a jump lambda sensor, which is associated with an internal combustion engine, the internal resistance of the sensor is detected as a criterion for the operational readiness of the sensor. The internal resistance is measured by applying a pulsed current to the sensor, the frequency of the current being selected depending on the state of the sensor (1, 2, 3, 4).
摘要:
The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine of piston type operating with a mixture of combustible fuel and air comprising at least one combustion chamber (11) and a piston (2) movably arranged in said combustion chamber (11) to compress the fuel and air mixture so as to provide a maximum compression ratio in the range of 15:1 to 25:1 ; an inlet (4) arranged in said combustion chamber for receiving an amount of said mixture of fuel and air into said combustion chamber (11); and an igniting device (3) arranged in said combustion chamber (11) for igniting said mixture of fuel and air received in said combustion chamber (11) at a crank shaft (9) angle position in the range of 0 degrees to 15 degrees after a top dead center (ATDC) of said piston in said combustion chamber (11); wherein the combustion chamber and piston is arranged to reduce the risk of hot spots and the engine is configured to have a burn rate where 90% of the fuel is burnt in a crank angle position range of between 15° to 40°. The invention also relates to a method or combustion, a vehicle, ship or power plant comprising the combustion engine according to the present invention.
摘要:
An exhaust gas purification apparatus for use in an internal combustion engine (99) is disclosed which comprises an exhaust gas duct connected to said engine (99), through which the exhaust gas flows, and a catalyst (18) disposed in said exhaust gas duct, for adsorbing NOx under lean combustion conditions. A manifold catalyst (19) may be disposed in said exhaust gas duct after the engine (99) upstream of said catalyst (18), which has the functions of a three way catalyst and a combustion catalyst. The manifold catalyst (19) arises its working temperature in a short time after engine starting in order to allow the purification of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) immediately after engine starting. Alternatively a three way catalyst or a combustion catalyst may be disposed in said exhaust gas duct at the upstream of said catalyst (18).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which one operational parameter of said engine is modified in accordance with emission values of the exhaust gas to influence the emission values. According to said method, the emission values of two pollutant components of the exhaust gas, such as CO, NO, NO2, NH3, SO2, H2S, CH4 and/or additional HC components are determined and if the emission value of a first pollutant component exceeds a predetermined maximum threshold value, the value of one operating parameter is modified to reduce the emission value of the first pollutant component, whereby an increase in the emission value is permitted for at least the second pollutant component up to a maximum value. The invention also relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine comprising a lambda probe, located in the exhaust system, according to which the emission values of two pollutant components of the exhaust gas are used to calibrate the lambda probe. The invention further relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, in which the emissions of said engine are used to diagnose the operating condition of the engine. According to said method, the emission values of two pollutant components of the exhaust gas are determined and compared with predefined nominal values and the result of said comparison is used to form a condition signal that is characteristic of the operating condition of the internal combustion engine.
摘要:
A fuel metering method is described for setting a desired air-to-fuel ratio in the combustible mixture to a controlled auto-ignition engine in which intake air is admitted through a wide open throttle and controlled indirectly by varying the mass of residual gases in the combustion chamber at the instant when the intake valve opens by regulating the timing of the closing of the exhaust valve during the exhaust stroke. The method comprises the steps of deriving a coarse estimation of the mass air flow into the engine based upon the timing of the closing of the exhaust valve, deriving a coarse estimation of the fuel quantity required based on the coarse estimation of mass air flow to achieve a desired air-to-fuel ratio to the engine, setting a nominal fuel supply quantity to the engine in accordance with the coarse estimation of the required fuel quantity, and adjusting the nominal fuel quantity by closed-loop adjustment based on the deviation from a reference value of a reading from a sensor responsive to the oxygen content of the engine exhaust gases.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are provided for measuring air/fuel ratio for a fuel mixture (particularly for a spark ignition engine). A flow path is provided, for fuel mixture, which contains zones whereby either fuel can be added to lean mixtures or air can be added to rich ones (such additions being termed doping). In a subsequent reaction zone the temperature of, or current through, a conductor is maintained constant. The regulator needed to maintain the constant state enables the point of maximum heat release on combustion of a doped or undoped mixture near the conductor to be determined. A unique relationship between the ratio and such heat release enable the ratio to be determined.