摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung von Größe und/oder Ladung und/oder Geschwindigkeit und/oder Konzentration von Partikeln in polydispersen Systemen und von Partikelkonzentrationen monodisperser Aerosole sowie eine Meßvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. Die Partikelströmung wird durch mindestens einen aktiven Ringsensor (3) hindurch oder an einem Punktsensor (4) vorbeigeleitet. Die am Sensor influenzierte Ladung eines jeden Partikels wird einem aktiven Ladungsverstärker (9) zugeführt. Das Ausgangssignal des Verstärkers (9) dient als Eingangssignal für ein Meßwertanzeigegerät (10). Der Verstärker ist Bestandteil einer Meßwertauswerteschaltung (6), die mindestens aus einem Kondensator (7), einem ohmschen Widerstand (8) und dem Verstärker besteht und sensornah in die Anordnung des Sensors integriert ist.
摘要:
A method and apparatus are provided for analysing a fluid, especially an oil/water/gas mixture of unknown composition flowing in a pipeline (10). The apparatus can operate remotely, for example on the sea bed. A gamma-ray source (12) and a diametrically arranged scintillator (20) enable the density to be determined; while a fast neutron source (14) and a diametrically arranged germanium gamma spectrometer (22) cooled by a cryo-cooler (26) enable the concentrations of the elements present to be determined. The apparatus enables the weight fractions of oil, water and gas to be derived.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus are provided for measuring the flow rate of a fluid in a duct, for example in an under-sea crude oil pipeline (12), in which samples of a radioactive tracer are injected, at intervals, into the duct and the passage of the samples of tracer detected by a scintillator (38). The tracer is generated by irradiating a large volume (20) of a liquid obtained from the environment of the duct with a neutron source (30), so that the sample has been irradiated for a prolonged period prior to injection.
摘要:
Dispositif électronique de moyennage des temps de transit mesurés par un capteur (1) avec boucle de retour (24, 25, 26, 12) pour la correction des dérives, incluant un simulateur de capteur (13), un comparateur (10) des durées signaux du capteur (1) et dur simulateur (13), deux portes analogiques (16, 21) un monostable (22) synchronisé par le comparateur de durée (10), un intégrateur (20) et, s'il y a lieu, un cadenceur (29) déclenchant les mesures dans le capteur (1). Le simulateur (13) est commandé par la tension de sortie de l'intégrateur (20) qui représente la tension moyenne recherchée. Un signal moyenné de largeur variable est disponible à la sortie du simulateur (13). Application aux véhicules automobiles pour la mesure d'une vitesse moyenne et notamment celle d'un fluide gazeux.
摘要:
A fluid movement measuring apparatus (300) has ion collecting electrical conductors (343) spaced from an ion generating source (322) located within a housing (303). The housing has one or more circumferential rows of openings (312, 336) in communication with a fluid flow path (349) between the ion generating source and ion collecting conductors. tons migrating across the fluid flow path are deflected by moving fluid in the direction of the fluid flow. Electrical currents caused by ions collected on one or more electrical conductors (343) are directed to differential amplifiers. The differential amplifiers provide output voltages that are proportional to the differences in current collected by opposed electrical conductors or sections of a conductor. These output voltages provide information as to the movement, such as speed and direction, of the fluid flowing in the fluid flow path.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a multiphase fluid flowrate metering device, comprising the following components: a pipeline comprising at least one segment of arc shaped pipe, wherein at least the cross section of the arc shaped pipe being round, the plane where the arc shaped pipe is located being vertically oriented, and the arc shaped pipe having at least one vertically oriented cross section; a gamma-ray monitor comprising a gamma-ray emitter and a gamma-ray detector arranged respectively on the upper and lower sides of the vertically oriented cross section of the arc shaped pipe, wherein gamma rays emitted by the gamma-ray emitter penetrate vertically and radially along the vertically oriented cross section of the arc shaped pipe to reach the gamma-ray detector, and the gamma-ray monitor is a single-energy gamma-ray monitor or a dual-energy gamma-ray monitor; and a total volume flowrate metering device located upstream or downstream of the arc shaped pipe for calculating the total volume flowrate of the multiphase fluid. The present invention further relates to a method for measuring the volume flowrates of individual phases in a multiphase fluid by using the above multiphase fluid flowrate metering device.
摘要:
- Capteur de mesure de vitesse d'un gaz par temps de vol d'ions comportant un couplage (7,8,9a) entre l'organe de vannage (17) du gaz dont on veut mesurer la vitesse et l'une des électrodes (3) servant à la mesure du temps de vol à l'intérieur de la canalisation (1) délimitant l'écoulement gazeux. - utilisé à la mesure de la vitesse de l'écoulement gazeux à l'entrée des cylindres d'un moteur à combustion interne.