摘要:
A THz-QCL element operable at an unexplored frequency is obtained. A crystal of a nitride semiconductor is used to fabricate a repeated set of unit structures 32 into a superlattice. Each unit structure includes a first barrier layer B1, a first well layer W1, a second barrier layer B2, and a second well layer W2 disposed in this order, an energy level structure for electrons under a bias electric field has a mediation level L1, an upper lasing level L3, and a lower lasing level L2. The energy value of the mediation level is close to the energy value of one of levels, out of an upper lasing level and a lower lasing level each belonging to one of the unit structure and the other unit structure adjacent thereto, and is separated from the energy value of the other level by at least the energy value of a longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon exhibited by the crystal. For example, the crystal is formed of GaN/AlGaN, the frequency of emitted electromagnetic waves is any frequency within a range of 5 THz to 20 THz, and the unit structures are fabricated by MBE or MOCVD techniques.
摘要:
A semiconductor laser comprises an active region (12) which, in response to a pumping energy applied thereto, can produce a stimulated emission of radiation with a central wavelength (A) in the far infrared region, and a confinement region (16, 18, 22) suitable for confining the radiation in the active region (12) , and comprising at least one interface (16a, 16b, 22a) between adjacent layers that is capable of supporting surface plasmon modes generated by an interaction of the interface with the radiation. The confinement region (16, 18, 22) comprises a wave-guide layer (16) which is delimited on opposite sides by a first interface and by, a second interface (16a, 16b) .The guide layer (16) is doped in a manner such that the first and second interfaces (16a, 16b) are capable of supporting the plasmon modes, respectively, and is of a thickness (d) such as to bring about the accumulation of the plasmon modes in proximity to J the first and second interfaces (16a, 16b) , outside the layer (16) , and substantially a suppression of the plasmon modes, inside the layer.
摘要:
This disclosure describes a bottom surface emitting vertical cavity surface emitting laser (BSE VCSEL) with a lithographically defined aperture. The BSE VCSEL may be oxide-free. Two contacts are located above a substrate. An aperture and one or more active regions are located between two DBRs. A first contact is coupled to the substrate and the first DBR, which is below the aperture. A second contact is coupled to the second DBR, which is above the aperture.
摘要:
A THz-QCL element operable at an unexplored frequency is obtained. A crystal of a nitride semiconductor is used to fabricate a repeated set of unit structures 32 into a superlattice. Each unit structure includes a first barrier layer B1, a first well layer W1, a second barrier layer B2, and a second well layer W2 disposed in this order, an energy level structure for electrons under a bias electric field has a mediation level L1, an upper lasing level L3, and a lower lasing level L2. The energy value of the mediation level is close to the energy value of one of levels, out of an upper lasing level and a lower lasing level each belonging to one of the unit structure and the other unit structure adjacent thereto, and is separated from the energy value of the other level by at least the energy value of a longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon exhibited by the crystal. For example, the crystal is formed of GaN/AlGaN, the frequency of emitted electromagnetic waves is any frequency within a range of 5 THz to 20 THz, and the unit structures are fabricated by MBE or MOCVD techniques.
摘要:
A semiconductor laser comprises an active region (12) which, in response to a pumping energy applied thereto, can produce a stimulated emission of radiation with a central wavelength (A) in the far infrared region, and a confinement region (16, 18, 22) suitable for confining the radiation in the active region (12) , and comprising at least one interface (16a, 16b, 22a) between adjacent layers that is capable of supporting surface plasmon modes generated by an interaction of the interface with the radiation. The confinement region (16, 18, 22) comprises a wave-guide layer (16) which is delimited on opposite sides by a first interface and by, a second interface (16a, 16b) .The guide layer (16) is doped in a manner such that the first and second interfaces (16a, 16b) are capable of supporting the plasmon modes, respectively, and is of a thickness (d) such as to bring about the accumulation of the plasmon modes in proximity to J the first and second interfaces (16a, 16b) , outside the layer (16) , and substantially a suppression of the plasmon modes, inside the layer.