摘要:
A space time labelling technique for wireless communication systems is provided. A transmitter for implementing the technique includes a first bit mapper and a second bit mapper which is different to the first bit mapper and first and second transmitters. A processor is connected to the first and second mappers and the first and second transmitters and controls these to receive two bit streams and simultaneously feed these into the first mapper and the second mapper. The first mapper maps these into first and second mapped bit streams and the second mapper maps these into third and fourth mapped bit streams which are different from the first and second mapper bit streams. The first mapped bit stream is transmitted in a first time slot via the first transmitter and the second mapped bit stream is transmitted in the first time slot via the second transmitter. The third mapped bit stream is transmitted in a second time slot via the second transmitter and finally the fourth mapped bit stream is transmitted in a second time slot via the first transmitter.
摘要:
Systems and methods are provided for transmitting and receiving an uplink state flag (USF) in a cellular network. A base station may transmit the USF to plurality of mobile stations that share the same frequency channel, and each mobile station can use the USF to determine whether that mobile station can transmit data in an upcoming uplink time period. The base station can encode the USF bits into a plurality of encoded USF symbols, where the encoded USF symbols may be selected from corner signal points in a QAM signal constellation set or from signal points adjacent to the corners of a QAM signal constellation set. The base station can interleave the encoded USF symbols and modulate the encoded USF symbols for transmission using the signal constellation set. A mobile station that can communication with the base station can include a corresponding receiver, de-interleaver, and decoder.
摘要:
A method and system for securing wireless communications is disclosed. In on embodiment, different security policies are used based on the distance between a receiver and a transmitter, whereby data in the wireless communications can only be demodulated if received in particular trust zones. In another embodiment, a plurality of bit stream fragments are transmitted by a plurality of transmitters to a receiver located in an area where transmission patterns radiated by the transmitters intersect. Alternatively, the receiver performs a function on packet data units (PDUs) transmitted by the transmitters. In yet another embodiment, primary modulation points of a modulation points which can be demodulated only by a receiver that is within range of the transmitter. In yet another embodiment, a main waveform is transmitted which overlays a QPSK signal with hierarchical modulation (HM) having encoded descrambling information.
摘要:
A synchronization scheme for a digital communications system wherein customer data is connected to a synchronous communications network utilizes auxiliary symbols (403-406) to provide frame synchronization. Each such auxiliary symbol lies outside of a conventional symbol constellation and is only used to represent framing information. Variations of the customer data rate relative to an expected rate are compensated for by the use of stuff and delete bits in each frame. These bits can be either customer data bits or ancillary bits depending on the direction of this variation. Advantageously, the auxiliary symbols also provide a determination of whether the stuff and delete bits in any frame are customer data or ancillary bits.
摘要:
A modem which represents the transmitted primary data stream using signal points selected via a trellis code is provided with the further capability of transmitting secondary data. In particular, a standard constellation of signal points is expanded to include a number of signal points which is greater than that needed to transmit the primary data. Particular primary data word values are representable by either of a predetermined pair of signal points associated with that value--one signal point of the pair (A4,B4,C4,D4) being a standard signal point and the other (A5,B5,C5 D5) being an expanded signal point. The specific one of the two signal points of the pair that is transmitted at any given time is chosen as a function of whether the value of the next bit in the secondary data stream waiting to be transmitted is a "0" or a "1". The location of each expanded signal point in the constellation is selected such that its distance from the nearest signal point in the trellis code subset of its associated standard signal point is substantially at least as great as the minimum distance between any two signal points in that subset.
摘要:
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the transmitting a first part of a message includes selecting the first part of the message such that the message may be recovered by applying an exclusive-or function to the first part of the message and a second part of the message.
摘要:
Data are transmitted using quadrature amplitude modulation to select for transmission symbols from two (or more) different signal point constellations. In one aspect of the invention, constellation-switching is employed within frames of A symbols, where A is not a power of two. In another aspect, constellation switching is used to facilitate frame synchronisation. Trellis shaping (where redundancy is introduced and selection of constellation "regions" performed (206) over a number of symbols so as to minimise transmitted power) is employed; switching (205, 209) is provided so that power information (from stores (207, 208)) is available appropriate to the constellation in use for each respective symbol. Synchronisation may alternatively be provided by substitution outside the power control loop, of a symbol from an outer region for one selected from an inner region of a constellation.
摘要:
In a simultaneous voice and data communication system, a stream of signal points is partitioned into a plurality of symbol blocks, each symbol block including a data segment and a control segment. The data segment carries information from a user, i.e., user data, while the control segment provides control information. A voice signal is then added to at least a portion, or all, of the signal points of each symbol block to provide for simultaneous voice and data transmission to an opposite endpoint. The control information may represent information from a secondary data source, and/or may include information about the characteristics of the succeeding block, e.g., the user data rate, and information pertaining to characteristics of the communications channel.