摘要:
An ammonia synthesis plant comprising: a feed pretreating section operable to pretreat a feed stream; a syngas generation section operable to reform the feed stream to produce a reformer product stream; a shift conversion section operable to subject the reformer product stream to the water gas shift reaction, to produce a shifted gas stream comprising more hydrogen than the reformer gas stream; a purification section operable to remove at least one component from the shifted gas stream, and provide an ammonia synthesis feed stream; and/or an ammonia synthesis section operable to produce ammonia from the ammonia synthesis feed stream, wherein the ammonia synthesis plant is configured such that, relative to a conventional ammonia synthesis plant, more of the energy required by the ammonia synthesis plant or one or more sections thereof is provided by a non-carbon based energy source, a renewable energy source, and/or electricity.
摘要:
A method of reforming a gasification gas, in order to decompose the impurities comprised in it, and a new use of a precious metal catalyst in the pre-reforming of gasification gas. In the present method, the gas is brought into contact with a metal catalyst in the presence of an oxidizing agent. According to the present invention, the reformation is carried out in several stages, in which case at least in one of the first catalytic zones a noble metal catalyst is used, and in a secondary reforming stage which follows the first, preliminary reforming zone, the catalyst used is a metal catalyst. Oxygen is fed separately into each of the catalyst zones. The use of a noble metal catalyst reduces the risk of deactivation of the metal catalysts and thus increases the operating life of the catalyst.
摘要:
A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.
摘要:
This invention relates to a method of chemical looping using non-stoichiometric materials with a variable degree of non-stoichiometry. One application of these methods is in the water gas shift reaction for H2 production. The methods of the invention can overcome limitations, e.g. those associated with chemical equilibria, which prevent chemical processes from proceeding with complete conversion of starting materials to products.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a membrane electrode arrangement (1) comprising - a gas-tight, selectively proton-conducting membrane (3), which has a retentate side (5) comprising an anode (7), and a permeate side (9) with a cathode (11), - a voltage source (13) for generating a potential difference between the anode (7) and the cathode (11), - an anode catalyst (15), which has a catalytically active material, on the retentate side (5) and - a cathode catalyst (17), which has a catalytically active material, on the permeate side (9), wherein the cathode catalyst (17) has less catalytically active material than the anode catalyst (15). Furthermore, the present invention relates to a reactor comprising the membrane electrode arrangement (1) and to a method for separating hydrogen by using the membrane electrode arrangement (1).