摘要:
Optimizing power generation from waste heat in large industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries by utilizing a subset of all available hot source streams selected based, in part, on considerations for example, capital cost, ease of operation, economics of scale power generation, a number of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) machines to be operated, operating conditions of each ORC machine, combinations of them, or other considerations are described. Subsets of hot sources that are optimized to provide waste heat to one or more ORC machines for power generation are also described. Further, recognizing that the utilization of waste heat from all available hot sources in a mega-site such as a petroleum refinery and aromatics complex is not necessarily or not always the best option, hot source units in petroleum refineries from which waste heat can be consolidated to power the one or more ORC machines are identified.
摘要:
Optimizing power generation from waste heat in large industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries by utilizing a subset of all available hot source streams selected based, in part, on considerations for example, capital cost, ease of operation, economics of scale power generation, a number of ORC machines to be operated, operating conditions of each ORC machine, combinations of them, or other considerations are described. Subsets of hot sources that are optimized to provide waste heat to one or more ORC machines for power generation are also described. Further, recognizing that the utilization of waste heat from all available hot sources in a mega-site such as a petroleum refinery and aromatics complex is not necessarily or not always the best option, hot source units in petroleum refineries from which waste heat can be consolidated to power the one or more ORC machines are identified.
摘要:
A process for the removal of sulfur compounds and benzene of a catalytically cracked petroleum naphtha comprising benzene, organic sulfur compounds and olefins, by fractionating the cracked naphtha into a relatively low boiling range, olefinic, light catalytic naphtha (LCN) and an olefinic heavy catalytic naphtha (HCN) which boils above the range of the LCN the boiling ranges of the LCN and the HCN being defined by a cut point selected to maintain most of the benzene in the cracked naphtha in the LCN together with olefins in the boiling range of the LCN. The LCN is subjected to an optional non-hydrogenative desulfurization step followed by a fixed bed alkylation step in which the benzene in the LCN is alkylated with the olefins contained in this fraction. The HCN is treated by a similar an alkylation step using the olefins contained in this fraction to alkylate the sulfur compounds, forming alkylated products which boil above the gasoline boiling range. The LCN and HCN are then fractionated to remove light ends and higher boiling sulfur reaction products (disulfides, alkylated thiophenes) boiling above the gasoline boiling range.
摘要:
A method for isomerization of a hydrocarbon which comprises providing a solid acid catalyst comprising a carrier containing a part comprising zirconia and/or hydrated zirconia and sulfuric acid carried thereon, and contacting the catalyst with a hydrocarbon material having a water content of 5 ppm by weight or less, preferably 1 ppm or less, to thereby produce isomerized hydrocarbons; and a system for practicing the method. The isomerization method does not need the introduction of a chlorine-containing compound during the course of isomerization and uses a catalyst having high activity. The isomerization system comprises a dehydrating apparatus for the material, a vessel for catalytic reaction filled with the above catalyst, a separator for separating a reaction product into the hydrogen to be recycled and a hydrocarbon product, and a compressor which compresses the recycle hydrogen to feed it to the vessel for catalytic reaction.
摘要:
A method for isomerization of a hydrocarbon which comprises providing a solid acid catalyst comprising a carrier containing a part comprising zirconia and/or hydrated zirconia and sulfuric acid carried thereon, and contacting the catalyst with a hydrocarbon material having a water content of 5 ppm by weight or less, preferably 1 ppm or less, to thereby produce isomerized hydrocarbons; and a system for practicing the method. The isomerization method does not need the introduction of a chlorine-containing compound during the course of isomerization and uses a catalyst having high activity. The isomerization system comprises a dehydrating apparatus for the material, a vessel for catalytic reaction filled with the above catalyst, a separator for separating a reaction product into the hydrogen to be recycled and a hydrocarbon product, and a compressor which compresses the recycle hydrogen to feed it to the vessel for catalytic reaction.