摘要:
A thermoelectric power generating module includes a high-temperature-side substrate, a low-temperature-side substrate, a plurality of thermoelectric element pairs, a plurality of high-temperature-side electrodes, a plurality of low-temperature-side electrodes, and at least one pair of extraction electrodes. The low-temperature-side substrate faces opposite the high-temperature-side substrate. The plurality of thermoelectric element pairs are configured from mutually adjacent P-type elements and N-type elements, and are arrayed between the high-temperature-side substrate and the low-temperature-side substrate. The plurality of high-temperature-side electrodes are provided on the high-temperature-side substrate, and connect the P-type elements and the N-type elements that constitute the respective plurality of thermoelectric element pairs. The plurality of low-temperature-side electrodes are provided on the low-temperature-side substrate, and by connecting the P-type elements and the N-type elements, connect the plurality of thermoelectric element pairs in series. At least one of the pairs of extraction electrodes is extracted from the plurality of low-temperature-side electrodes so as to be able to measure the thermo-electromotive force of a portion of the plurality of thermoelectric element pairs.
摘要:
A first heat flux sensor (20a), which outputs a first sensor signal according to a heat flux passing therethrough, a second heat flux sensor (20b), which outputs a second sensor signal according to a heat flux passing therethrough, a thermal buffer body (21 a), which has a predetermined heat capacity, and a heat releasing body (22), which has a predetermined heat capacity, are provided, and the first heat flux sensor (20a), the thermal buffer body (21 a), the second heat flux sensor (20b) and the heat releasing body (22) are arranged in this order from a sensing subject (1, 403, 504, 507) side. The first sensor signal, which corresponds to the heat flux between the sensing subject and the thermal buffer body (21 a), is outputted from the first heat flux sensor (20a), and the second sensor signal, which corresponds to the heat flux between the thermal buffer body (21a) and the heat releasing body (22), is outputted from the second heat flux sensor (20b).
摘要:
57 In a calibration warning device for a thermocouple, the thermocouple is connected to input terminals (10) of an operational amplifier (12) provided with negative feedback. The output is applied to the base of a transistor (14) controlling the current through a mercury coulometer (18). When the coulometer indicator reaches full-scale deflection the thermocouple is due to be recalibrated. The invention depends on the fact that the drift curve of a thermocouple can be matched to a sufficiently high accuracy by a suitable choice of transistor characteristic and amplifier gain, as is explained in the specification.
摘要:
Bei einer derartigen Einrichtung sind präzise Meßergebnisse erforderlich, um sie zur sicherheitsrelevanten Anlagensteuerung verwenden zu können. Dabei ragt in die zu überwachende Flüssigkeit ein Gehäuse 2, in dessen Innenraum sich ein Heizelement 3, ein in dessen Nähe angeordneter Temperaturfühler 19 sowie ein als Sättigungstemperaturfühler wirkender Temperaturfühler 4 befindet. Ein Differenztemperaturmeßumformer 20 liefert ein analoges Signal, das umgekehrt proportional zur Differenz aus den Meßwerten des außerhalb des Gehäuses 2 angeordneten Temperaturfühlers 11 und des Sättigungstemperaturfühlers 4 ist. Bei Delta T gleich Null gemäß Bereich «C» aus Fig. 5 entsteht das stärkste Signal und treibt den Zeiger 21 in die Stellung «O» (gestrichelt dargestellter Zeiger) des Anzeigegerätes 22 und zeigt somit an, daß das Kühlmittel die Sättigungstemperatur erreicht hat. Ein Signal entsprechend einem Delta T gemäss Bereich «B» aus Fig. 5 treibt den Zeiger 21 lediglich in den Abstandsbereich zur Sättigungstemperatur, der in dem Beispiel zwischen 0 und 20°C liegen kann. Ein anderer Differenztemperaturmeßumformer 20a liefert ein der Differenz des im Schutzmantel des Heizelements 3 integrierten Temperaturfühlers 19a und des Sättigungstemperaturfühlers 4 proportionales Signal. Ein nachgeschalteter Grenzwertgeber 23 überprüft, ob die Temperaturdifferenz eine Dampfbildung oder Wasser innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 anzeigt. Bei Dampfanzeige wird das Signal dem Summierverstärker 24 zugeleitet und dem dort eingehenden Sättigungssignal aufgeschaltet. Die Addierung der beiden Signale treibt den Zeiger in den Bereich «Dampfbildung " .
摘要:
The present invention relates to a fault detection system, comprising: a sensor; a processing unit; and an output unit. The sensor is configured to acquire temperature data at a sensor location of a device, wherein the temperature data comprises first temperature data and second temperature data acquired a first time period after the first temperature data. The processing unit is configured to determine a temperature magnitude comprising utilization of the first temperature data and/or the second temperature data. The processing unit is configured to determine a rate of change of temperature comprising utilization of the first temperature data and the second temperature data and the first time period. The processing unit is configured to predict a temperature at a location of the device comprising utilization of the temperature magnitude, the rate of change of temperature, and a correlation, wherein the correlation is a correlation of a plurality of temperature magnitudes and a plurality of rate of change of temperatures at the sensor location with a plurality of hotspot temperatures at the location. The processing unit is configured to determine if the device has a fault comprising utilization of the predicted temperature. The output unit is configured to output an indication that the device has a fault.
摘要:
A composite sensor fiber comprising a filamentary core (12) and an outer layer (30) encapsulating an intermediate sensor layer (20) of a detectably thermoresponsive material. Also disclosed are a method of making composite sensor fibers, a dressing comprising a fabric having a matrix of the fibers, and a method of monitoring a wound that utilizes the dressing.
摘要:
An internal temperature estimation unit, which reads a detected temperature of a cell of a battery for an electric power tool to estimate an internal temperature of the battery based on the detected temperature, includes: an initial-value setting device which reads, when a discharge/charge of the battery is started, the detected temperature and sets the detected temperature as an initial value; and a temperature increase amount calculation device which calculates a temperature increase amount of the cell of the battery based on a latest value of the detected temperature and the initial value set by the initial-value setting device; the internal temperature estimation unit outputs the temperature increase amount as an estimated value representing the internal temperature of the battery.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for determining the change in temperature of a power supply line of a charging device by the electromagnetic input pulse being coupled into the power supply line in a first step, it being possible for the electromagnetic input pulse to be reflected in the power supply line and the reflected portion being returned to the charging device as a reflected electromagnetic output pulse, the pulse form of the reflected electromagnetic output pulse being ascertained in a second step, the pulse form of the reflected electromagnetic output pulse being compared with a reference pulse form of the reflected reference pulse in a third step, and the change in temperature being ascertained from the comparison of the two pulse forms in a fourth step.