摘要:
A measurement bridge (1), in particular for a network analyzer, comprising a reference port (2), a central output port (14) and a balun (5) having a first balun input connector (6) and a first and a second balun output connector (8, 9). The first balun output connector (8) is connected to a first signal path (11) and the second balun output connector (9) is connected to a second signal path (12). The central output port (14) is connected to the first signal path (11), wherein the reference port (2) is connected to the second signal path (12). The electrical parameters of the first signal path (11) and the second signal path (12) are approximately the same.
摘要:
A measurement accessory device (1) connectable to a measurement apparatus (3) or to a device under test (9) wherein the measurement accessory device (1) comprises means (2) for providing characteristic data of said measurement accessory device (1) in machine readable form used by said measurement apparatus (3) during measurement of said device under test (9).
摘要:
A measurement bridge (1), in particular for a network analyzer, comprising a reference port (2), a central output port (14) and a balun (5) having a first balun input connector (6) and a first and a second balun output connector (8, 9). The first balun output connector (8) is connected to a first signal path (11) and the second balun output connector (9) is connected to a second signal path (12). The central output port (14) is connected to the first signal path (11), wherein the reference port (2) is connected to the second signal path (12). The electrical parameters of the first signal path (11) and the second signal path (12) are approximately the same.
摘要:
Systems and methods for detecting anomalies, such as corrosion, on internal surfaces of hollow elongate bodies, such as pipelines. The pipeline is treated as a circular waveguide, and a fast rise time pulse or a spectrum of electromagnetic waves is launched down the waveguide to perform time domain, or equivalent of time domain (e.g., frequency domain), reflectometry. Anomalies in the internal structure of the pipeline cause reflections which can be measured and related to the physical parameters of the pipeline structure and identified to a particular location.
摘要:
Method for determining loading of a filter. The filter has a first dielectric constant. The filter becomes loaded with contaminant material that has a second dielectric constant. The filter, such as a diesel particulate filter, is contained within a metallic enclosure forming a microwave cavity. The method includes establishing microwave energy in the cavity and monitoring changes in the cavity microwave response, the changes being related to filter loading.
摘要:
Presented is a system and method for reading a microwave readable barcode formed from a pattern of dielectric material. The dielectric pattern creates a strong microwave contrast with the surrounding media selectively resonating with or scattering an interrogating microwave signal. Dielectric bars can be fabricated by inkjet printing, injection, spraying, drawing or any other technique. Barcode information is encoded using different lengths, angles, or positions of dielectric bars. A microwave readable dielectric barcode system includes a barcode fabricated from a dielectric material, a transmitter with an antenna, and a sensor that senses the effect produced by the dielectric barcode on the microwave signal. The dielectric barcode system can use multiple microwave signals that differ in one or more respects, such as polarization or frequency.
摘要:
Disclosed is a calibration device (1) for adjusting the forward power (6) and reflected power (32) measured via a single measuring directional coupler (3) which is connected to a high-frequency transmitter (4), the forward power (6) that is attenuated with ak + x (in dB) and decoupled being used as a reference value. The calibration device (1) comprises a changeover switch (7) that is embodied as a double switch (10) and is connected to the control and display unit (9) via a control wire (8). A control signal that actuates the changeover switch (7) is transmitted by the control and display unit (9), whereby switching occurs from a measurement of the reflected power (32) to a measurement of the forward power (6). The forward power (6) and the reflected power (32) are measured via the same measuring directional coupler (3) and by means of the same measuring sensor (2) which is composed of a low pass (25) and a rectifier (26).
摘要:
A method and a device which can be used to measure the moisture content and the internal structure of material on a tobacco bale (12), or of a bulk volume of material such as loose tobacco leaves (14), by using microwave radiation. A microwave radiation source (28) is located on one side of the tobacco, such as the tobacco bale, and an antenna (30) is located on the opposite side of the bale. The radiation source beam (32) is transmitted through a portion of the bale and is received by the receiving antenna (36), which then produces a signal (38). This signal is used to determine the moisture content of that portion of the bale and the mass uniformity of the bale. In addition, the methods and devices described herein can also be used to measure the moisture content of a bulk volume of loose tobacco leaves, for example as these leaves travel through a silo. Also, in a method for analyzing the internal structure of packaged tobacco, the internal structure is analyzed to detect the presence of any foreign objects or matter in packaged tobacco, as well as to confirm the presence of tobacco material throughout the package. The structural data is collected from the received and/or reflected microwaves, which are also analyzed to determine the moisture content. The raw structural data are then analyzed with detection, classification, and/or decision algorithms for analysis of the raw data. Preferably, the data analysis is based on pairs of attenuations (42) and phase shifts (44) obtained by passing, microwaves at a plurality of frequencies through the package of tobacco which features foreign matter or objects, collectively termed 'foreign components' and/or non-uniformities. This unique method enables achievement of high levels of accuracy and precision in detection and classification of the sample, in general, and of the foreign components and/or non-uniformities, in particular.
摘要:
An improved microwave spectrometer for measuring the concentration of ethylene oxide gas and the concentration of water vapor in one or more gas samples taken from an ethylene oxide sterilization chamber.