摘要:
Processes for the production of chlorinated propenes are provided. The processes proceed through the production of cyclic intermediate that is thereafter readily converted to a desired chloropropane, e.g., via selective pyrolysis. The process may be conducted using starting materials that are readily commercially available and/or that may be reacted safely in standard laboratory equipment so that capital cost savings may be seen. The process does not require the use of catalysts and yet, process conditions less extreme than many conventional processes for the production of chlorinated propenes are suitable, so that raw material and utility cost savings are also possible.
摘要:
Disclosed is a compound containing a divalent group represented by formula (I). (In formula (I), Ar 1 represents an arylene group, a divalent heterocyclic group or a divalent aromatic amine group; J 1 represents a phenylene group; J 2 represents an alkylene group; X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; j represents 0 or 1, k represents an integer of 0-3, and 1 represents 0 or 1, while satisfying 1 ‰¤ j + k + l ‰¤ 5; m represents 1 or 2; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkoxy group, an arylalkylthio group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, a silyl group, a substituted silyl group, a halogen atom, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an imine residue, a carbamoyl group, an acid imide group, a monovalent heterocyclic group, a carboxyl group, a substituted carboxyl group, a cyano group or a nitro group; the plurality of R 1 's may be the same as or different from each other; and when there are a plurality of J 1 's, J 2 's, X's, j's, k's or l's, the J 1 's, J 2 's, X's, j's, k's or l's may be the same as or different from each other, respectively.)
摘要:
Three processes are disclosed for making 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene. The first process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent and 2,2'-bipyridine. The second process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent and a Cu(I) salt. The third process involves reacting 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane with copper in the presence of an amide solvent, 2,2'-bipyridine and a Cu(I) salt.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a conjugated aromatic compound comprising reacting an aromatic compound (A) wherein one or two leaving groups selected from the group consisting of an iodine atom, a bromine atom and a chlorine atom are bonded to an aromatic ring and the aromatic compound (A) does not have (c1) a group represented by the following formula (10):
wherein A 1 represents a C1-C20 alkoxy group etc.; (g1) a C1-C20 alkyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom etc.; and (h1) a C2-C20 acyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom etc., at the neighboring carbon atom to the carbon atom to which the leaving group is bonded, with an aromatic compound (A) having the same structure as that of the above-mentioned aromatic compound (A) or an aromatic compound (B) wherein the aromatic compound (B) is structurally different from the above-mentioned aromatic compound (A), one or two leaving groups selected from the group consisting of an iodine atom, a bromine atom and a chlorine atom are bonded to an aromatic ring and the aromatic compound (B) does not have the above-mentioned (c1), (g1) and (h1) at the neighboring carbon atom to the carbon atom to which the leaving group is bonded, in the presence of (i) a nickel compound, (ii) a metal reducing agent, (iii) at least one ligand (L1) selected from the group consisting of a 2,2'-bipyridine compound having at least one electron-withdrawing group and having no substituent at 3-, 6-, 3'- and 6'-positions, and a 1,10-phenanthroline compound having at least one electron-withdrawing group and having no substituent at 2- and 9-positions, and (iv) at least one ligand (L2) selected from the group consisting of a 2,2'-bipyridine compound having at least one electron-releasing group and having no substituent at 3-, 6-, 3'- and 6'-positions, and a 1,10-phenanthroline compound having at least one electron-releasing group and having no substituent at 2- and 9-positions.
摘要:
A method for producing a tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) mixture containing TFE at a higher concentration as an objective mixture from a raw material mixture (10) containing TFE, a component having a lower boiling point than that of TFE and a component having a higher boiling point than that of TFE, characterized in that (1) the raw material is subjected to a preLIMINARY distillation treatment (12), to produce (a) a first fraction (15) containing at least a part of the component having a higher boiling point, and (b) a second fraction (14) comprising TFE and the component having a lower boiling point and being a residue, and then (2) the second fraction is subjected to a main distillation treatment (16), to produce (c) a third fraction (20) formed by distilling out the component having a lower boiling point, and (d) a fourth fraction (18) as the objective mixture comprising TFE and being a residue. The method can be employed for recovering TFE with a reduced energy.
摘要:
Compositions and methods of forming and using those compositions are provided herein where the composition comprises at least one oligomer or polymer of Formula I wherein E is a cage compound; each Q is the same or different and selected from aryl, branched aryl, and substituted aryl wherein the substituents include hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, aryl ether, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyaryl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkynyl, hydroxyl, or carboxyl; A is substituted or unsubstituted aryl with substituted or unsubstituted arylalkynyl group (substituents include hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, phenyl or substituted aryl; and aryl includes phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, terphenyl, anthracenyl, polyphenylene, polyphenylene ether, or substituted aryl); h is from 0 to 10; i is from 0 to 10; j is from 0 to 10; and w is 0 or 1.
摘要:
Methods of making AF4 using novel reducing agents that result in reduced cost. Low dilution technology may be used to provide AF4 in substantially improved yields. The relative amount of transition metal catalyst can be decreased. The amount of undesired byproduct is also reduced.
摘要:
Processes for preparing a variety of fluorocarbons are disclosed. Processes are described wherein the yields of desired products are increased by endlessly converting the undesired products to reactive intermediates. Trifluoroethylene is prepared in greater than 50 % yield by pyrolizing 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane at a temperature about 725 °C. 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropylene is prepared by pyrolyzing 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane in the presence of chlorodifluoromethane. Trifluoroethylene is prepared by pyrolyzing 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane. 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethylene is prepared by pyrolyzing 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane. 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-difluoroethylene is prepared by pyrolyzing 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane in the presence of chlorodifluoromethane and hydrogen chloride. 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,4-Octafluoro-2-butene is prepared by pyrolyzing 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane. 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,4-Octafluoro-2-butene is prepared by pyrolyzing, 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane. 1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane is prepared by pyrolyzing 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane. 1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is prepared by pyrolyzing 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane.